A Review Of Zero Point Energy And
Free Energy Theory, Progress, And Devices
Presented to the International Forum on New Science
September 19, 1992
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Abstract
A review is presented of the theory and experimental
evidence relating to Zero Point Energy and Free Energy Devices. This
review is based on a two year study of the information and data
available in these fields, and also upon the information presented by
various key researchers in these fields at three recent conferences.
It is found that there is increasing momentum and a growing network of
researchers taking place in these fields, despite reported efforts to
suppress
this information. Examples of such past and present suppression
activities are included. Nevertheless, sound theoretical foundations
for understanding so-called "Zero Point Energy" and "Free Energy"
devices have been documented and are available. There are several
reports by various authors of experiments that indicate a much higher
than normal operation efficiency, and even over-unity operation.
Unfortunately, these results have to date not been replicated by other
researchers.
Since energy is conserved, pure perpetual motion cannot
exist. However, several examples are known to exist where energy
efficiency can appear to be over-unity, and the motion can appear to
us to be perpetual. For these types of systems, the idea of "Free
Energy" can be applied, and lessons learned. Several experiments are
discussed that have demonstrated the possibility of obtaining energy
from space, and utilizing that energy in a way different from the
normal laws of electricity. These experiments and results are being
tracked down and closely examined. Valuable references with real
mailing addresses and
telephone numbers are included herein. Replications of these
encouraging results are desperately needed.
Introduction
"Let God kill him that does not know, yet presumes to
show the other the way!" This quote from a Persian dervish in the
movie and videotape of "Meetings with Remarkable Men" by Gurdjieff
(1963) pretty much summarizes my feelings toward the whole area of
science, and living as well. It's a jungle out there. The dividing
line between truth, fiction, what is best, and what sells has never
been less clearly defined. Since the advent of the digital information
explosion, the sea of information has been growing at a pace that few
can follow.
However, if we are to be responsible and seek the truth, we must
persevere. I am dedicated to finding the truth. My fields of interest
are Nature, religion, and science, and their beneficial applications
to the human race.
To learn about the foundations and current technical
knowledge in the Zero Point and Free Energy fields is to open a very
large Pandora's Box. One finds non-believers, strong supporters,
dissenters, and
active hard- nosed suppressers. My interest was aroused as a teenager
by reading about the life and contributions of Nikola Tesla, now
available in the books by Walters (1961) and Cheney (1981). He is the
one individual responsible for creating the entire alternating current
network that powers the world today. He defied the science of his day,
and designed and built the AC generator that transforms "potential"
energy into "electrical" energy. Yet, he is not in many school texts,
and his basic theories and ideas for larger projects and applications
were nearly lost to the world. Why was he not supported? Why is Thomas
Edison such a well known name and Nikola Tesla is not? Why was his
research not actively continued? Why does the academic community,
within the US, continually ignore the possible applications of his
theories?
Tesla was unceremoniously thrown out of the best
technical school in Yugoslavia for believing that he could build a
generator that would extract electrical power from a running stream of
water. His professor called it: "Perpetual Motion!" This is not so
unfamiliar. We have heard other such convenient explanations, such as:
"Heavier than air machines will never fly" (Lord Kelvin, 1890s); "We
threw out all of the textbooks, and then we built the airplane" (the
Wright Brothers); "The human body will not survive speeds of over 40
miles per hour"
(early 1900s); and "Airplanes can not go faster than the speed of
sound" (1940s). Other example abound, all spoken by the out-spoken
"leaders" of their day. My view is that science continues to grow and
mature. Nature is fixed. Only our understanding of Nature continually
unfolds. Sometimes this growth has been only painful, and sometimes it
has provided great shocks to the system. Fear of change is not an
adequate excuse for not actively pursuing the development of our full
capabilities as human beings, as individuals or as groups.
Areas Of Related Interest
The study of the "Free Energy" field overlaps with quite
a number of other areas of science and technology that are not well
understood, and are usually called "fringe areas." I believe that
responsible investigations in these areas do uncover important
information and data that can relate to various questions that occur
in the study of Free Energy. These questions include: Why is this
research not conducted? Is it suppressed? Why is it suppressed? Are
there other examples of such suppression? Where can I get more
information? Are there any examples of such advanced related
technologies? If such
energy sources exist, has anyone found out how to use them? How do
they work? Can I use them, and can I use them in a responsible manner?
There is a great outcry by those familiar with our
current energy policy and the public electricity utility network for
need of a new breakthrough in the technology of energy production. Dr.
Gary Johnson (1992), a college professor and IEEE Senior Member,
recently published a short review of the researchers in this area in a
noted US technical journal and concluded his four page report with the
statement:
"There is a great deal of noise in the literature. Some
concepts are obviously nonsense. Others will prove to be in error. But
is there any signal in all the noise? There is if Tesla, Moray, and
Bearden are correct. The potential payoff is enormous, so the search
should be continued if there is any chance at all of success."
Also, Llewellen King (1991), publisher of The Energy
Daily, Defense Week, and Environmental Week Newsletters in Washington
DC recently strongly and dramatically stated in a speech to an
international technical conference:
"We have failed with energy to come up with the 'Great
Big Breakthrough!' 'The Major Change.' 'The Radically Different
Thing.' 'The Quantum Leap Forward.' Where is the jump from a copper
wire to a fiber or to a cable? Where is the equivalent of fiber optics
for electricity? ... The new technologies (discussed at this
conference), such as magnetohydrodynamics, (are advancing and coming
forth), and
yet these things have not fostered - and we are still boiling water!
It is theoretically possible that we could at some point take this
'Quantum Leap Forward.' ... And in order to do that, I believe that
you will need new institutions to deploy new technology. They won't be
deployed by the extant of the old institutions. ... The Challenge in
Technology is to find It, and then sell It, and finally to deploy It."
Since the status and results in energy technologies and
in these other fringe areas are seen differently by different persons,
many misunderstandings take place, people become frustrated, emotions
become heated, and eventually someone gets sorely offended. People can
range from Apathy, to Denial, to Anger, and finally to Acceptance. So
as to not offend anyone in this paper, I will limit the areas of my
summary introduction investigations to Politics, Religion, and Sex.
Politics
"Never give a sucker an even break." I became very
concerned when I became aware of first hand and second hand accounts
of actual physical, emotional, and legal harassment being made to
inventors, investigators, and writers in these scientific fringe
areas. And I thought all of these suppression stories were nonsense.
Upon investigation, harassment always follows those who promote a new
paradigm. Galileo spent a lot of time in jail. So did Royal Rife, who
demonstrated a cure for cancer in the 1930s, summarized in the books
written by Barry Lyons (1989, 1989), published, of course, in Canada.
Christopher Bird (1991) writes of the persecution of Gaston Naessens
for his radical and effective treatments of diseases. America West
Publishers has available many books that list actions that have been
taken by various authorities to diffuse or bury "politically
embarrassing" events and situations. Paul Findley wrote a best seller
(1985) that summarizes the effectiveness of large political pressure
groups. Fortunately today, there are many who do not conform to the
"party line" in many political areas, such as the "Center for Action"
in Nevada. In the area of AIDS research and information transfer, Dr.
Robert Strecker has produced a videotape (1988) and Dr. Taki
Anagnoston (1991) has published a book that promotes a view far
different than is advertised nationally to the American people. "The
Cutting Newsletter" by William Douglass also serves as a source for
alternate information.
In my view, there is not a determined effort by the
government to suppress information - because there is no government. I
see instead a collection and network of vested interest groups that
seem to tightly band together for mutual financial survival. The
actions taken by any of these groups may be completely independent
from the others. Therefore, I find the "government suppression" and
"world domination" theories proposed by some to be interesting, and
probably not applicable. However, some sort of control and suppression
in the press
seems very evident. Coleman (1992) has summarized that certain groups
are actively controlling all other groups. The "Project Censored
Newsletter" and their student staff at Sonoma State University, CA,
are actively pointing out US news stories that seem to be actively
suppressed in this country. So, how does this all relate to the topic
of Free Energy? Ken MacNeill (1983) published a very disturbing
article entitled "Insights into the Proprietary Syndrome" in which he
points out that over 3,000 patents have been suppressed! It is
reprinted in the Appendix of this paper. Read it!
Two historical events are worth including here regarding
possible suppression and inability to commercialize Free Energy
devices. These are the Over-Unity Device of T. Henry Moray (Resines,
1988), and the Hindershot Motor (Brown, 1988). Both of these devices
were publicly demonstrated to the US press in the 1930s, and carefully
conducted tests were made to assess these devices. From the newspaper
reports and clippings, it appears that both devices passed all tests,
only to fall into oblivion. What exactly happened to the devices,
their inventors, and the technology is not known. It also appears that
the
secrets of the devices died with their inventors.
If information deemed sensitive by certain governmental
agencies can be actively suppressed, then what are the other possible
ways of obtaining such information? One method that has gained
popularity in recent years is through the use of channeling.
Religion
"Ask and you shall receive". I was surprised to hear
that a grandmother ("dharma") who said she could channel Nikola Tesla
had been given a formal test in front of some very influential people
in Los Angles, and she passed the test with very few errors. I was
told that the questions were prepared by a small knowledgeable group,
and about half of the questions were reported to be trick questions.
Well, if this method can work to get advanced technical information
let's try it. After all, where do our ideas come from in the first
place? Both Tesla and Edison are report-ed to have made their
respective amazing discoveries while daydreaming - not actually
thinking!
Upon investigation, there is a morass of spiritual and
channeled information being published out there. From my point of
view, it is all applicable to a person, depending upon where that
person is at in his life, and of course it is not all true,
applicable, or valid information. The magazine "Connecting Link"
summarizes a lot of this information. Just for purposes of reference,
I will list the names of those channeled intelligences that I have
researched, by either reading their communications or personally
conversing with them through their physical host. (The references are
organized by the name
of the intelligence, or collective intelligence, with the name of the
host or channeler in parentheses.) From what I currently know, I give
this list is given in order of increasing importance to me for
personal information transfer:
Ramtha, Lazaris, Seth, Bashar, Korton, Ashtar, Soltec,
Cosmic Awareness, The Pleiadians, Hatonn, Ra, Hilarion, St. Germain,
Thoth, Mary, Sananda, Aton.
To me, any information is valid only when it
constructively supports or fits into the puzzle that I am trying to
solve. What is valid for each person varies with each person, and
their puzzle of the moment. I have noticed that I receive more valid
information from hosts who are in unconscious trance during the
communications. If the host can remember anything of the
communication, I feel there is always the possibility of tampering
with the information during reception and
transmission, thus producing "tainted" information. This has
historically occurred with many popularized channelers that have
elected to use their talents and such communications primarily for
their personal profit.
Also, I find one needs to separate the substance of the
message from any given dates. To hear an intelligence say that "at
this time a truck is gathering speed and is coming this way that will
cross this intersection here in three hours," does not necessarily
mean the truck will ever get there. If it does, great. Then that is a
measure of predictability. If not, so what! Was that the point?
Neither of these issues is demonstrable science. I find it is best to
gather the substance of the information and relate it to my puzzles.
Those that
believe and act on all of the details of every channeled communication
may be in for quite a shock, as described in the book When Prophecy
Fails by Festinger, Riecken, and Schachter (1956).
I do know that some of the channeled information
recently received is extremely accurate. A case in point is the book
channeled by Sananda through "dharma" (1989) regarding the life of
Jesus . While persons affiliated with America West Publishers, then in
southern California, were trying to decipher the German text of the
first few chapters of this material (originally translated into German
from the Aramaic script found in 1963) with very little success, a
complete translation
in English was given in 1989 through "dharma" by Sananda (1989). Two
years later, the original German manuscript was translated by J. H.
Ziegler and B. L. Greene, authored by Rashid (1992), and published by
Wild Flower Press in Oregon. Neither party knew of the existence of
the other until after the material was typeset. The contents are
nearly identical. I can personally attest to other cases of receiving
extremely accurate information and being allowed to be involved in
"unexplainable" physical events.
Whether one needs to be out-of-body to receive
information, I am not sure. Robert Monroe (1971, 1985) has spent years
in this field with the Monroe Institute in Virginia, and he and his
co-workers have all received personal knowledge. I do not know if they
have received any higher technical knowledge that is of interest here.
J. J. Hurtak (1978) received a vast amount of technical knowledge
out-of-body when he channeled the extensive work The Keys of Enoch.
Why haven't these intelligences just given us the
secrets of advanced technology on a silver platter? I don't know.
Perhaps we as a collective society are not ready for it. Some
technical information is being given out from these intelligences and
is slowly being published. Perhaps, as Hatonn, The Pleiadians, and
other intelligences have suggested: that if we told you that, then
"they" would kill our vehicle. Perhaps, waiting is.
Perhaps the goal of life is not to pursue the
engineering of an easier life style solely for the comfort of living
our lives through technology, but to finally realize what our personal
mission here is, to become in touch with that mission, and then to
perform that mission. That phrase from college: "God has a plan for my
life" makes very good sense here. The problem actually may be that
most of us are not taking the time to find out what our personal
mission is, and how
to responsibly perform it. If you wish to pursue this, the most Holy
course, I highly recommend the books by Dion Fortune (1957), Gaetan
Delaforge (1987), and Fred and Pam Cameron (1991). The latter book,
Bridges of Light, includes step-by-step instructions, all specifically
channeled, on how you can receive your own accurate information. So Be
It.
Sex
"It takes two to Tango." Potentially, things are very
interesting. It seems to take two at different potentials to make
something happen: male/female, up/down, positive/negative,
north/south. The view being taught today is primarily simply given in
one or two dimensions. Electricity is caused by the electrons going
one way on a wire, and the holes going the other way. Electrical
energy is created by chemical reactions that have a lower chemical
ground state than the
reactants. Chemical reactions are caused by electron bonding where
electron orbits are finally filled and then higher orbits can be
filled. Atomic energy is caused by electrons and nucleons dropping
into lower energy states (gamma rays and lasers), or by differences in
the binding energy of the nuclei (fission and fusion). The Sun gives
and the Earth receives.
For energy creation, we have developed the catch-all
term: potential energy. The water behind a dam is said to have a great
deal of potential energy, so the electricity is said to come out of
the power plant. A battery has a stored electrical potential, so it
powers your radio. Men and women all have stored potential, and we all
know what trouble that can cause. However; no one ever talks about
magnets, and the possible potential energies within magnets and
electromagnetic
fields. Light is such an electromagnetic (EM) field. The motions of
the electrical component and the magnetic component of alternating
current, similar to light, are three-dimensional as they travel along
a wire, and at several points, each is zero. Where did they go? How is
EM energy stored and transmitted? Can usable amounts of energy be
extracted from already existing large and massive EM fields?
I have found only two sources that reference the
modeling of EM fields in three spatial dimensions: the works of Walter
Russell (1926, 1947, 1989), and material channeled by Hatonn et. al.
(1991). The idea that energy exists in male and female vortices that
form between this dimension and other dimensions is not new. The idea
just hasn't been very useful, yet. Russell and Hatonn describe three
dimensional elemental EM fields that can be classified as male and
female by the spin of their 3-D EM fields, much the same way that we
describe the
poles of a bar magnet. Russell developed and tested counter-wound sets
of coils, each in the shape of overlapping (male/female) cones. Such a
coupling and cancellation of these fields would open up a whole new
way of thinking about electricity and EM fields in general. Also, a
new investigation of the physics of rotating permanent magnets and
rotating EM fields would be very interesting. All reported research in
these fields seems to stop in the early 1950s. I wonder why.
UFOs and Crop Circles
"We are living in Lies." This statement was made by both
Colin Andrews and Linda Moulton-Howe during their presentations during
the Whole Life Expo (WLE) in San Francisco, April 1991. It speaks for
itself. If examples of advanced technology are being demonstrated all
around us nearly every day, shouldn't we be interested? Well, if it
does not impact our daily life, and our personal finances, maybe we
don't care. We could say, let the government figure it out. Well,
evidently,
"they" don't, can't, or won't care. Besides, what you don't know won't
hurt you. Right? However; it may stunt your growth.
If you really want to know, you are going to have to
rely on yourself. This is all very interesting to me, because it
allows for the possibility of several examples of advanced technology
here and now. And from my experiences, these phenomena are real,
reoccurring, and getting more numerous and in-your-face outrageous all
the time.
Without diverting from our main topic for too long, I
will list the best sources of UFO craft pictures and crop geometrical
formation material I have found. (They are not just dots in the sky,
and circles, any more. Sorry.) The UFO craft pictures began in the
1950s with those taken by George Adamski and published in his book in
by Leslie in 1953. (These pictures could have been faked, and I recall
someone telling me that Adamski was said to have declared his whole
photograph library a fraud on his death bed; and I do not know.) The
pictures taken and thousands of sightings reported in the New York
Hudson Valley region in the 1980s cannot be denied (Hynek, 1987).
Pictures from around the world have been compiled in two books by
Wendelle Stevens and August Roberts (1985). Other UFO book sources are
listed. And, the UFO Video Clearinghouse in California has just about
all the movie footage and video taken of UFOs and TV programs produced
that are available world- wide. "UFO's the Best Evidence" is a
two-hour video produced by KLAS, Channel 6 in Las Vegas, that should
be seen by everyone!
Close-up photographs, movie footage, and videotapes are
much more disturbing to some people than the usual lights in the sky.
The photographs by Billy Meier in Volume 1 of the books by Elders
(1979) are apparently all actual photographs of large disk craft. (I
was told that a few of the pictures in Volume 2 (1983) were of models
that were made in order to compare to Meier's craft photographs, and
then the
photos were inadvertently mixed). For those that disagree with this, I
recommend that you carefully read the technical photographic analyses
in Volume 1 that were performed on some of the photos by disinterested
scientists in the US using electron microscopes, laser scanning, and
computer analyses and enhancements; and then read the book by Gary
Kinder (1987), who set out to visit Meier, his family, and the people
in the local community there in Switzerland in order to prove the
Meier story a hoax. Also, we have the pictures from Gulf Breeze,
Florida, in the book by Ed and Francis Walters (1990). (Some say they
faked the pictures, but not to the hundreds of local eye witnesses
that claimed to have seen the same thing, including most of the city
officials.)
Robert (Bob) Lazar presents an interesting story in his
videotape (1992) of how he became involved with some disk craft while
working in the power propulsion area. His story is summarized as one
of the six viewpoints in the book by Lindemann (1991), as is Linda
Moulton-Howe's. Lazar states that the craft he worked on were powered
by a matter- antimatter (potential energy) reaction with a near-stable
element of an atomic number of 115, which has not yet been found or
produced on Earth. Such a nuclide could give off power in a manner
similar to Cobalt-60, which emits very high energy and deadly gamma
radiation, thus the need for lead shielding in nuclear fission power
plants. How the El-115 power would be utilized is unknown. More to the
point, how would such craft be able to levitate above the Earth?
Perhaps it could utilize an interaction of engineered variable
frequency EM fields with the Earth's local gravity and EM fields. That
could explain the very complex and time-dependent harmonics found by
expert sound researchers when they analyzed the sound of a hovering
craft as recorded on audio tape by Meier while making movies of a
craft. These are all available.
For additional information regarding what these craft
are, who are coming, and why, I would recommend the material from
Stanton Friedman (1991) and Sananda (1989). Additional viewpoints are
found in the book by Lindemann (1991) and in the transcription of the
wonderful talk given by Linda Moulton-Howe at the April 1991 SF WLE.
It appears we are being visited by more than 50 alien cultures on the
physical plane, all different, yet related, each having their own
version of
their "sports car or RV," and each with their own purposes and
motivations. It also appears that this is nothing new, has been going
on for what appears to be a very, very long time, and so what! What is
interesting is the apparent lack of advanced technology transfer,
which could be likened to a possible violation of the "Prime
Non-Interference Directive" popularized in Star Trek. Unless such
advanced data is being given to the privileged few. Unless we, in the
US and in other parts of the world, as individual societies are being
allowed the information as fast as we can (financially) safely absorb
it and properly utilize it for our benefit and not our mutual
destruction. That is what I would hope. That is where I want to be.
The crop formations are another and perhaps a more
advanced topic altogether. The books by Colin Andrews (1989), Alick
Bartholomew (1991), and Ralph Noyes (1990) stimulate the imagination.
As Colin would say: "I'm sorry. It just isn't Doug and Dave, as the
British Press would have you believe!" These formations have become
quite complex, such as the Barbury Castle formation that appeared
overnight in July 1991. It contains three "circles" of about 35 feet
in diameter located at the apex of a nearly equilateral triangle that
measures about 180 feet on a side, with three internal circles and
spokes within the triangle. I highly recommend Colin Andrew's (1991)
videotape "Undeniable Evidence."
Background Material
It is important that I include as much quality reference
material as I am able. These areas of interest have grown so large and
confusing that it is difficult to know where to turn for the best or
most meaningful information. So I will include a list of the most
applicable patents, the best books, reports, conference proceedings,
and the most up-to-date papers that I know of in the Zero Point Energy
and Free Energy fields. I also have included in the references the
complete names and addresses of several technical societies, groups,
and book sources.
Patents
There are several patents of phenomena and devices that
are of interest. Rather than discuss them here, I will list them in
the references. They may be referred to later.
It is important to note that you can quickly obtain any
patent from a local US patent clearinghouse, such as the one in
Sunnyvale, California, by a telephone call or a FAX once an account
has been set up for you. If you are not in a hurry, you can order a
copy of any patent for $3.00 (three dollars) each from the
Commissioner of Patents and Trademarks in Washington DC, although it
may take 2-6 weeks. Just provide the long patent number.
Books and Reports
Many books and reports have been published that relate
to the Free Energy fields. I have listed the ones I have looked at in
the references in this section. I have included all of Lt. Col. Tom
Bearden's books and reports. It should be pointed out that Tom's book
entitled AIDS: Biological Warfare (1988) probably has the best
description of the pumped phase conjugate mirror wave theory model of
any of his books. The book by Moray B. King (1989) gives an excellent
overview of the definition of Zero Point Energy. Several books and
reports have recently emerged regarding gravity and the Earth's
apparent energy grid network. Books regarding the Orgonne Accumulator
and ether vortex mechanics are also included. The book by Hans Nieper
(1981) is a great reference book, and sometimes hard to find: use the
source listed. The theories promoted by Richard Hoagland and the Mars
Mission are also interesting, including the fact that a solid
tetrahedron placed in a sphere will intersect the sphere at 19.5
degrees latitude, which is the same Earth latitude upon which Tesla
was constructing his Wardenclyffe Tower in New York. The theories of
Victor Schauberger (Alexandersson, 1982) are also very interesting,
including his descriptions of Natural energy vortices, the changing
properties of 4 degree C water with the phases of the moon, as
descriptions of other Natural wonders.
Conferences
I am familiar with only a few of the many technical
conferences held that deal with the Zero Point and Free Energy fields.
The one's I have recently attended are the 26th Intersociety Energy
Conversion Engineering Conference (IECEC), held in August 1991 in
Boston, MA; the 1992 International Tesla Symposium, held in July 1992
in Colorado
Springs, CO; and the 27th IECEC held in August 1992 in San Diego, CA.
As I organized the authors and papers for both the 26th and 27th
IECECs in the "Innovative Concepts" sessions for the "New Technologies
for Energy Utilization Area," I am more familiar with their papers and
contents. The material presented in other conferences, such as the
bi-annual International Tesla Society conferences, do relate and
overlap with much of the material presented in the recent IECEC
conferences. It is my desire that future authors will network and
exchange information before they write their next paper, so we can
accelerate
and converge the work that is being performed in these fields.
Societies and Publications
All the ones that I feel are of importance are listed in
the references for your use. Make multiple photocopies of all of the
six pages of the references and distribute them.
Free Energy Theory, Experiments, and Devices
"Come on, let me show you where it's at." Well, I can
show you what I have been able to find out from the referenced sources
within the past three years anyway. I have learned that there is a lot
of very sound scientific theory that supports the existence of
additional energy sources, ways of interacting with those potential
energies, and extracting energy for use. There is also a lot of
experiments, devices, and just good ol' fooling around going across
the country to try to measure new ways of measuring these new energy
sources. There
are also devices that have been built, tested, demonstrated, and
provided for testing by others - that seem to have passed all of the
tests. These will be discussed below. First some truths and
definitions.
Energy exists. It can not be created nor destroyed.
Energy can only be converted from one form into another. In that
conversion process, some energy is lost, in the form of friction or
heat, so the efficiency of the energy transfer process is always less
than 100 percent. The process (you can envision a box) will always
give less energy out than
energy goes in. The ratio of "energy out" to "energy in" is always
less than one: under-unity. An over-unity device cannot exist.
Perpetual motion does not exist. All motion eventually will run down.
(Whether you live to be here when it does run down is another matter.)
So, let's see. A car battery is a good example. It has so much energy
to start with, and it eventually runs down from starting the starter
motor and friction in the wire. Draw a larger box. The car runs and
recharges the battery because the engine converts the potential energy
within the fuel during combustion into crankshaft motion, which is
then used to recharge the battery, until it runs out of gas. Draw a
larger box. The car can go downhill with the engine off by
transforming the potential energy of the hill into kinetic or moving
energy at the bottom of the hill. OK. But what about Hoover Dam? It
just sits there and creates energy. We don't put any energy into it,
except when we built it. And we sure didn't put as much energy into it
as we have gotten out of it. And it for sure is not going to last
forever. But it's doing just fine now. So is that an example of a Free
Energy device with an energy conversion factor of over-unity? Yes or
No?
To handle such mind benders, workers in the Zero Point
and Free Energy fields have, for better or worse, and probably for the
near term worse, have adopted a simple way of describing the results
of their research, in terms of what they can immediately measure and
see. So there are three categories that are generally expounded upon:
"Free Energy Under- unity," "Free Energy, Over-unity," and "Zero Point
Energy." (1) "Free Energy Under-unity" would be when I get more energy
out than before and I only made a small change to my design, like to
increase the overall system efficiency. An example might be those
magnets that when placed onto a car gas line give 5 miles extra per
gallon. That's Free Energy dude! This appears to be the case for
several motors and generators that utilize magnets on their rotating
shafts. (2) "Free Energy Over- unity" would be where I seem to get
more energy out than I know am putting in. Period. An example would be
pushing a car over the top of a hill. When it takes off without you,
it appears additional energy is coming from somewhere. And, in all
cases, of such experiments, the energy MUST be coming from somewhere
in some form. It just hasn't been figured out yet, and the researcher
has probably not drawn a large enough box. (3) "Zero Point Energy"
refers to the energy that comes from outside your influence: the
wiring in the wall; the transmission lines nearby; a large EM signal
on a specific FM radio station; the Earth's EM or gravitational field;
solar EM energy; or possibly directed energy from outer space. Just
because we can't measure it, doesn't mean it's not there.
With these definitions in mind, we see that Hoover Dam
is a good example and could be considered by some Dam Engineer to be
an over-unity device. A good Dam Scientist would probably point out
that the Sun evaporates the oceans and lakes, moves the vapor, makes
the rain that fills the Dam, and the potential energy of the water
produces the electrical power. The Dam Engineer could probably care
less, and could also say that the Dam is a perpetual motion machine
that will last forever; which means at least until he retires and his
kids are out of college. The Dam Engineer would say: "The Dam thing
runs on Free Energy out of the air! The city of Los Angles believes
it!" But: you know it won't last forever. Neither will the Sun.
So we need to be careful in our choice of words. For the
purposes of this paper, a Free Energy device will appear to produce
more energy than it uses, because it is not known from what form of
potential energy source the other required input energy comes from.
Thus, we will allow system efficiencies over 100%, and over-unity
energy conversion until we are either proven wrong, or we finally draw
a larger box and understand what is happening inside that box.
It is very important here to be a Fair Witness. (Thank
you Robert Heinlein!) That is a person who reports exactly what he or
she sees; no more, no less. Researchers and investors really do not
give a(guess what) about what you think is going on. They want the
facts of exactly what you observed. If a device appears to be
promising: say so, and report it to be so. If it has a problem, say it
seems to have a problem. Only after extensive support, testing, and
cross-examination should an experiment or a device be classified or
labeled a fraud or a failure. Once labeled as such, they will not
easily obtain further support. Be responsible.
Free Energy Theoretical Considerations
Harold Aspden from the United Kingdom (1991) shared
insights into the basic factors involved with vacuum field or zero
point energy so that: "the 'free energy' challenge to win through and
revolutionize the energy scene can involve more people with design
skills and resources." He proposes a frontal attack on currently
accepted physics, urging: "a theoretical and experimental program to
follow projects in five classifications: (1) Non-relativistic energy
theory; (2) Ferromagnetic vacuum energy generation; (3) Electrodynamic
vacuum
energy generation; (4) Electromagnetic vacuum energy generation; and
(5) Gravitational vacuum energy generation." He also pointed out the
need for much of the work to be proprietary in order to attract
investment funds, but eventually the published literature would be
augmented by disclosure arising by development on these projects.
Aspden (1992) this year described a foundation of a new technology for
converting environmental heat energy into electricity. The structure
involved, whether in the tested thermoelectric device or the suggested
radiation concentration device, uses thin film metal films separated
by non-conductive materials. An efficiency of 70% of the Carnot
maximum has been demonstrated for the thermoelectric device operating
at ambient temperatures with a 20 degree temperature differential.
Moray B. King (1992) presents a very good detailed
review of the "Progress and Results in Zero-Point Energy Research" in
his paper with the same title, available from Tesla Inc. Moray states:
"Since the advent of quantum mechanics, modern physics
has supported the view that the fabric of totality of empty space is
not void but contains a plenum of energy called the zero point energy
(ZPE). The energy consists of fluctuations of electric field energy
that persists even at zero degrees Kelvin. A question applicable to
engineers is can the ZPE be tapped as an energy source? At first this
idea seems to be
a blatant violation of conservation of energy, but if the zero-point
energy really exists as is suggested by modern physics, energy is
present and its conversion would not be the issue."
"The surprising cold current effect has been associated
with other inventions, such as T. Henry Moray's, using number 30 wire
within his 50 kiloWatt device. It might be explained by the hypothesis
that the coupling of synchronous ion oscillations with the ZPE can
manifest macroscopic vacuum polarization displacement currents, which
can surround a conductive wire and be guided by it. Conduction band
electrons, lacking stable, radially convergent vacuum polarization
lines, have a minimal interaction with these displacement currents,
and the wires remain cold. If engineers could replicate this effect,
zero- point energy research would receive widespread interest."
"Another area where coherent ion motion is associated
with energy anomalies involves abrupt electrical discharges. (This is
apparent in controlled water explosion experiments.) Hyde's device was
faced with a similar problem of absorbing large voltage pulses in his
patented invention. He solved the problem and created an advanced
embodiment which produced over 20 kiloWatts of net output power while
free
running."
"From the concentrated vacuum polarization of atomic
nuclei arises the possibility of triggering a macroscopic ZPE
coherence with the synchronous motion of many nuclei. Further
supporting evidence arises from inventions that utilize coherent ion
motions and output excessive energy. The sharp voltage spikes that
arise from ion-acoustic activity can be converted by use of circuits
such as Hyde's voltage divider.
The largest effects might be produced by solid state methods that
manifest dual, counter-rotating, acoustical, lattice spinor waves. If
synchronous ion-acoustic activity coheres the zero-point energy, there
will be many more inventions forthcoming, and a new energy source will
be recognized."
It should be pointed out that the voltage divider
circuit in Hyde's patent (patent Fig. 6) has been questioned by
several engineers. Moray King is assisting a network of scientists and
engineers who are redesigning this circuit to replicate and produce a
working model of this device.
For some years, Tom Bearden (1991) has worked on an
extended electromagnetics theory, involving the scalar component of
the quaternion. (A scalar is a number with no vector direction, like
speed. A vector has numerical values in each defined direction, like
velocity. A quaternion is like a 4-component vector in a real-complex
plane space). In MAXWELL'S ORIGINAL QUATERNION THEORY, this scalar
component often remains when the directional components zero. Further,
it enfolds vectors and functions of vectors inside, in a hidden
variable manner. Specifically, Tom has patterned a unified field
theory concept upon the previously unnoticed but remarkable early work
of E. T. Whittaker. "In 1903 and 1904, Whittaker showed that all
present day vector EM can be replaced by scalar potential
interferometry, and that bidirectional harmonic EM plane wave sets
could be used to produce a standing wave of force-field-free
potential. In modern terms, this shows how to turn EM wave energy into
electrogravitional potential energy, then how to interfere two such
scalar potentials to recover the EM energy, even at a distance. This
unrecognized work is of great importance: when applied to modern
physics, it produces supersets of quantum mechanics, classical
electromagnetics, and general relativity. Further, all three extended
disciplines unify on their common Whittaker subset, in a testable and
engineerable fashion." All of Tom's theories to unify
electromagnetics, general relativity, and quantum mechanics are
summarized in his 1991 paper, which is only six pages long! These are
all available from the Association of Distinguished American
Scientists.
Bearden (1992) this year points out that: "By utilizing
fundamental new definitions for energy, potential, and scalar
potential, the mass of the atomic nucleus may be considered a powerful
electrostatic scalar potential, referred to as the mass potential. The
Whittaker EM biwave structure of the scalar potential then becomes a
new and universal internal EM structure for mass, including the atomic
nucleus. This structure can be directly manipulated
electromagnetically, which allows direct EM alternation of the mass
potential, and the nucleus itself. This totally new class of nuclear
interactions is briefly explored, and several hypothesized mechanisms
advanced for neutralizing or processing nuclear wastes. Additional
applications are hypothesized for experimental falsification or
verification. We have previously pointed out two successful
experiments by Sweet, one for extracting useful EM energy from the
vacuum, and one for the production of unilateral forces, including
antigravity. We have also pointed out the implications of the approach
for possible testable unification of electromagnetics, general
relativity, and quantum mechanics. The cited Whittaker theory
establishes a greatly expanded but engineerable EM, with external
(spatial) and internal (hyperspatial) subsets. Scientists and
engineers are urged to seriously study the two cited Whittaker papers
and their implications, and to set up experiments to falsify or verify
the hypotheses advanced."
A new paradigm and a theoretical analysis supporting
experimental tests of the N-Machine was given by Shiuji Inomata from
Japan (1991). He points out that H. A. Lorentz's treatment, in which a
stationary ether is assumed, gives the correct answer. Even in this
case, a new paradigm of science is necessary for the full
understanding of the functioning N- Machine.
Kurt Van Voorhies (1991) is conducting his graduate work
at a well known state university in the prospects of world-wide
wireless power transfer, as first proposed by Tesla. Tesla had
designed and was building the Wardenclyffe tower on Long Island in
1900, featuring a 187 foot wooden tower designed to support a 68 foot
diameter copper hemisphere. While Tesla intended to use the facility
publicly for communications, his secret aim was to implement wireless
power transmission. The transmitter was to have operated at 30-100
megaVolts, which Tesla claimed was sufficient for worldwide power
distribution. However, when Marconi demonstrated transoceanic wireless
communications with much simpler equipment (illegally using Tesla's
patents in the process), J. P. Morgan withdrew funding for Tesla's
project. Research indicates that the power receiver requires the most
development to demonstrate Tesla's early theories.
Toby Grotz (1991) also presented theory and results of
Project Tesla to determine if the Earth's electrostatic (atmospheric)
Schumann Cavity can be resonated, if the power that is delivered to
the cavity propagates with very low losses, and if power can be
extracted at other locations within the cavity. The theory, bases of
operation of a transmitter, related computer programs, and component
values are all given in Toby's paper.
A theoretical analysis of Tesla's "Death Ray" was also
presented by Toby Grotz (1991). By carefully examining historical
records, this 1937 design was probably the first attempt to construct
a high voltage particle beam device. Tesla's estimates indicate that a
5 meter diameter metal sphere charged to 60 million volts could
project a high energy charged particle beam up to 60 kilometers
through the air in a given direction.
Oliver Nichelson (1991) summarized two of Tesla's later
energy generation device designs, including a turbine-shaped Unipolar
Dynamo design for a machine that can continue to produce electricity
after being disconnected from an outside power source. This paper is
also important because it also describes Tesla's "Coil for Electro-
Magnetics," patented in 1893. This coil looks exactly the same as
would the counter-wound conical coils of Walter Russell, if Russell's
coils were drawn on a piece of paper in two dimensions. (Surprise.)
Don Kelly (1991) examined the theory and operation of an
enhanced tank circuit from two dated Soviet papers translated from the
Russian. The experiments suggest that the full band of a tank circuit
can be utilized to take advantage of a full EMF output over an
extended period of time, and then periodically and uniformly
re-exciting the circuit as an effective electrical energy conservation
method. Don suggests that over-unity operation may be possible by
proper adjustment of the resonant driver frequency and time-varying
component
reactances.
Paul LaViolette (1991) suggested taking a more lenient
interpretation of the First Law of Thermodynamics and allowing the
possibility that free energy devices could operate at efficiencies
exceeding 100%. He evaluates several ways of generating free energy in
the context of subquantum kinetics gene energy (photon blueshifting),
zero-point fluctuations, Ampere law forces, and electrogravitic
gravity field manipulations.
Lynn Surgalla (1991) presented a tutorial on non-linear
resonance phenomena which describes the mathematical theoretical
techniques she feels necessary for modeling the design, tuning, and
control of nonlinear effects.
Jose Zoleta from the Philippines (1991) proposed his
TAF-13 device: Triac Alternator Flywheel Motor, as an alternate source
of energy. By carefully choosing the components and resonant frequency
of operation, he expects to produce 150% or more energy than input
into his motor-generator system. However, I feel that more details and
data on his design are necessary to expect his system to provide
over-unity operation.
In discussing plans for the quad-disc electrostatic
generator, Donald Kelly (1992), described the basic principles of the
Wimshurst twin counterrotating electrostatic (E/S) disks, and in
addition a twin rotor- to-stator E/S generating factor is included in
this composite
generator. The positive and negative stator discs on each side of the
rotor disc receive E/S transfer from the multiple conductive segments
on the outer side of each rotor. The voltage and current amplification
functions would be accomplished by twin, large capacitive
transformers, similar to those used in the Swiss M-L converter,
discussed in the next section below.
An improved method of winding inductors, transformers,
and motors was publicized by Toby Grotz (1992). This invention greatly
enhances the ability to generate magnetic fields with a given amount
of wire. This invention may be as fundamental to the use of magnetic
fields as was Nikola Tesla's use of rotating magnetic fields for the
generation of alternating current.
George Hathaway in Canada (1991, 1992) has suggested the
engineering requirements necessary to begin to investigate and
demonstrate zero point energy. He draws together the most practical
theoretical aspects of this work, and explains how they are already at
a sufficiently advanced stage to allow initial experiments to be
designed. He states that the extraction of energy from such sources is
really not an ivory
tower pipe dream, but more a matter of nuts and bolts. Thus, his
suggestions should serve as a sound basis for those engineers and
researchers to keep a close watch on vacuum energy physics.
The Integrity Institute is interested in providing the
new measurement devices and instrumentation that will be needed to
conduct meaningful experiments in these new advanced energy machine
areas. Tom Valone (1991) presented an overview of the interests of the
Institute, and the various technical areas they have supported and
hope to support in the future.
Finally, in the important related area of theoretical
financing, Professor Charles Berg (1991) pointed out the relationship
between available investment capital in the current conventional
energy resource and conservation areas, and possible funding in these
new innovative technologies. He points out that: "an innovative
concept, as initially applied, usually results in only a small rise in
productivity. However, immediately afterward, there follows a wave of
rapid improvement in the implementation of the new concept. This wave
is responsible for almost all the improvements in productivity that
the innovation brings to society. Still; without the introduction of
the innovative concept, there would be nothing upon which to improve."
To me, his message to investors is: plan on very little return in the
short term, and through licensing and networking agreements, reap a
harvest that benefits all the World in the near term and thereafter.
Reports on Experiments and Working Devices
John and Kevin Moray (1956, 1991) were kind to allow
publication of a portion of their book The Sea of Energy: the history
of T. Henry Moray and his devices, who from the early 1900s to the
1930s demonstrated to the US press's satisfaction massive over-unity
energy conversion.
"In 1901, T. Henry Moray theorized that energy was
coming from within the earth. Through continuous experimentation and
in spite of the doubts held by the scientific community of the day, he
discovered that the energy was not coming from the ground but from an
outside source away from the earth. The energy came in continuous
surges, like waves of the sea, more in the daytime than at night. At
this time Moray had enough power to light a 16-candle power carbon
lamp at about one-half capacity. He labeled and defined his "Radiant
Energy: The source of energy coming from the cosmos to the earth and
radiating back from whence it came."
"Upon completion of his first Radiant Energy Device,
many tests and experiments were conducted for the scientific and
public communities. Channeling the waves of energy was done by way of
an antenna. When set up and connected to the ground, priming and then
tuning, the device would draw electrical energy. Results of this
experimentation proved
that the power generation had not originated from within the device.
The device, through channeling radiant energy, produced up to 50,000
Watts of power and worked for long periods of time. For political
reasons many people, organizations, and agencies of the day opposed
him strongly. Despite the deliberate destruction of the R. E. Device,
threats against his work and his family, and armed attacks by unknown
assailants, T. Henry Moray continued with his dream of harnessing a
usable energy that the world could benefit from, and the same time
save the earth from the many methods of energy retrieval which now
scar and pollute its land, air, and seas."
(As a side note, Moray's first germanium solid-state
device (semiconductor) was submitted to the U. S. Patent Office in
1927, and was rejected on the basis that it would not work without a
heated cathode.) (Boy. Am I glad times have changed. Whew!) (That's a
sick joke folks!) Wake Up!
A complete description of operational electrostatic
motors is given in the book by Oleg Jefimen-ko (1973). Some small
electrostatic motors can be operated using only Earth-field antennas.
Paul Brown (1992) describes recent developments in
materials technology that now make it possible to fabricate nonthermal
thin-film isotopic energy converters with a specific power of 24
kiloWatts/kilogram and 5 to 10 years working life at 5 to 10 Watts. He
states: "This creates applications never before possible, such as
placing the power supply directly on integrated circuit chips. The
efficiency of the converters is about 25%, which is two to three times
greater than the 6 to 8% capabilities of current thermoelectric
systems."
In a very impressive and I feel extremely important
paper, Paul Brown (1991) described his ability to place radioactive
nuclear isotope material into a resonant tank circuit and extract
energy from the decaying nuclide. He writes: "A phenomena known as the
'Beta Voltaic Effect' is used to directly convert radioactive decay
energy into electricity without going through a thermal cycle. A great
attraction
of isotopic power sources is that radioactive decay energy is several
orders of magnitude greater than chemical energy." Specifically Paul
uses a strong beta-emitting nuclide, like Krypton-85 or Strontium-90
as the radioactive material and places it directly into a tunable LC
tank circuit. He claims that results of 50% conversion efficiencies
have been demonstrated, and greater efficiencies are hoped for in the
future. I have heard that T. Henry Moray had used radioactive
substances in his device in the 1930s. I wonder if charged particles
or charged ions play an important role in these effects. Moray King
(1992) thinks they do.
Recent research has been conducted by Toby Grotz, Tim
Binder, and Ron Kovac (1992) in order to verify Walter Russell's
theories and experiments. They write: "The experiments that Russell
conducted in 1927, which were verified by Westinghouse laboratories,
have been repeated. Russell at that time thought that he had found a
novel way to change the ratio of hydrogen to oxygen in a sealed quartz
tube containing water vapor. Russell's data indicated that, where
there had only been water vapor consisting of hydrogen and oxygen in
the tube, the addition of inert gasses in the amount of 69% were
detected. The
use of magnetic fields was shown to produce this effect. The end
result of the experiment was to demonstrate a cheap and efficient
method of hydrogen production for a hydrogen based fuel economy."
Russell also developed and tested counter-wound sets of coils, each in
the shape of overlapping cones. The device was based on the "power
multiplication principle" discussed in the many books that he had
written. According to a memo dated in 1961, the device worked:
"because of the false concept of gravity which assumes it to be force
of attraction which pulls inward from within instead of a cyclic force
which controls the expansion of cold into heat, and the expansion of
heat into cold... Nature's first principle of power production and the
construction of matter is to produce heat from the cold of space. The
heat thus generated radiates back into cold to complete the wave cycle
which automatically repeats itself in this ageless universe of
infinite continuity." (This is very similar to the theories of Victor
Schauberger; Alexandersson, 1982). On September 10, 1961, Walter and
(his wife) Lao Russell reported to their contacts at NORAD, that the
coils had worked and that the President of the United States could
announce to the world that a "greater, safer power than atomic energy"
could be provided for industry and transportation. The Russell's were
convinced that they had found and demonstrated a new source of energy
and a conversion process for what is now known as the zero point
energy.
Bill Muller has developed the Muller Motor/Generator and
presented a very good review of the theoretical principles in his 1991
referenced paper. His motors utilize super powerful permanent magnets
with amorphous metal parts that have practically zero hysteresis
losses! Utilizing their design, based upon an odd-even magnetic pole
design
developed in 1852, they describe the creation of a magnetic balance in
the motor which eliminates the work required to remove one pole from
the other no matter how large or how strong the magnetic surface would
be. I liked how Bill talked about powerful permanent magnets: "It is
only because these super powerful magnets carry enormous ampere
pressures within themselves that they are now able to lift their own
weight." This supports my view that permanent magnets, including
planets, are vast sources of potential energy. The Muller's are very
excited about the operational characteristics of their motors and
generators, and demonstrated one large motor at the 26th IECEC in
Boston, MA. Their paper includes a detailed description of their
circuits with voltage and current analyses. They have obtained very
high system efficiencies, and state that "Up to this point, there is
no reason to expect what is called over-unity either on the motor or
the generator." Bill has promised to continue his experiments and keep
in contact with interested parties.
The Reed (1991) Magnetic Motor is an electromechanical
device that Troy Reed says runs on magnetic power. The author has
developed a small prototype and a larger unit that have both undergone
several demonstrations and testing programs. He has also filed for a
Patent with the Patent Office and the Foreign PTO/EPO. In his design,
eight permanent magnets are placed on each of four disks. Two outer
disks remain stationary while the two inner ones are mounted on a
common shaft
and are allowed to turn freely. Videotapes and other information are
available.
The electrical dynamo patented by Barbara Hickox (1991)
is an interesting device. The design includes a central rotating
non-conductive cylinder into which small cylindrical permanent magnets
are placed. The interesting part is that the magnets are all
positioned with one pole outward, and located on two spiral lines down
the surface of the rotating cylinder. Barbara claims that when
properly designed, single-wound coils in the proximity of these
rotating magnets will exhibit power transfers much higher than the
power required to turn the cylinder. Again, here is the idea of a
spiral or cyclic texture within the substance of existing energy
fields. It must be pointed out here that accurate measurements of high
frequency power can be difficult to make and results can be inferred
that are very much in error (Triner & Hansen, NASA, 1977). All
measurements of input and output voltages and currents must be very
carefully performed.
The Bedini free energy generator (1991) was also
discussed. Complete plans are given for the construction of a free
energy system. While not an over-unity device, the battery recharging
circuit does allow a battery to operate for a much longer period of
time than it normally would, thus giving the user that much more
energy for free. However, it was pointed out that certain circuit
components, such as the transistor numbers, may be in error in these
plans, and that a brand new battery must used. Refer to Moray King's
1992 paper for more details.
Gary Johnson (1992) reported that electrically induced
explosions in water exhibiting free energy are relatively easy to
produce with a 2 micro-farad capacitor charged to 10 kiloVolts.
"Expanding steam does not seem to be the main cause for the
explosions. Similar explosions are obtained with significantly
different peak currents, which raises
questions about the longitudinal Ampere forces being the primary
cause. It is therefore conceivable that we are tapping a new energy
source." (Of course, this technique may not be the optimum one to
extract this energy. But it could lead us toward a better
understanding of this source.)
Professor P. T. Pappas from Greece gave an informative
review of the theory and his experiments with the creation of energy
in sparks and discharges. Pappas points out that in Maxwell's theory,
it is assumed that there is continuity and the closeness of the path
for the flow of every current. He examines the Cardinal current force
law of Ampere, and claims that energy creation is considered as not
binding, but as
possible, according to this Cardinal law as an alternative principle
to the continuous creation hypothesis of Astronomy. Various inherent
arc oscillations are presented as direct evidence of energy creation.
Wingate Lambertson (1991) discussed the WIN Process as a
solid state method for converting zero-point energy into electrical
energy that has been developed over the past 19 years. He places a
semiconductor ceramic barrier with a parallel capacitance between an
oscillating tank circuit and a power supply. He has included test
results that indicate a power input of 84 Watt-sec producing an output
of 810 Watt-sec, for an over-unity ratio of 9.6.
Rhetta Jacobson (1991) summarized an evaluation of Tesla
Bladeless pumps and turbines. As these pumps use the fluid friction to
operate, she finds that: "no other pump or engine can match the
longevity, economy, size, safety, silence and vibration free
performance of these devices."
While not specially related to energy conversion
devices, Glen Rein (1991) presented results of his research with cell
culture bioassays and the effects of time varying quantum potentials.
I feel this work is extremely important. A modified caduceus coil was
used to test the hypothesis that bucking (opposite) electromagnetic
fields can cancel their vector fields and generate a time varying
quantum potential (the "A field," for those in the know). These
experiments prove the existence of the "A field" that Tom Bearden and
others refer to that has been excluded from the simplified EM equation
s (thanks to the simplifications of Heavyside) taught in physics
today. The coil was shown to dramatically stimulate the growth of
lymphocytes in culture cells, both directly in proximity and
indirectly through storing its information in water. For those in the
health fields: think very carefully about what is being said here!
Then contact Glen!
Bruce dePalma (1991) points out that the key to
understanding and explaining the baffling situation of anomalous
excess electrical energy generation in free energy machines lies in a
re-interpretation of magnetism as not being a property of the magnet,
but of space itself. The Primordial Energy Field is then also
distorted as a consequence of the spatial reaction to the centripetal
force field existing within a ROTATING magnetized conductor. Bruce
says that a N-machine/Space Power Generator is an electrical machine
which has the capability of producing electrical energy with
significantly less mechanical power input than the presently employed
induction machines. In 1978, he constructed such a rotating device,
the Sunburst machine. In 1985, tests were performed under the
direction of a well-known Professor Emeritus of Electrical Engineering
at Stanford University. The test report quotes: "Known for over 150
years, the Faraday homopolar generator has been claimed to provide a
basis for so-called free energy generation, in that under certain
conditions the extraction of electrical output energy is not reflected
as a corresponding mechanical load to the driving source. During 1985
I was invited to test such a machine. While it did not perform as
claimed, repeatable data showed anomalous results that did not seem to
conform to traditional theory. ... DePalma may been right in that
there is
indeed a situation here whereby energy is being obtained from a
previously unknown and unexplained source."
While my research estimates that N-machines usually
report over-unity conversion ratios of 1.00 to 1.20, Bruce reports
design improvements that could result in a machine with an
output/input power ratio of 5:1. Many fundamental questions in
electromagnetics are reopened by the implications of the experiment
with a rotating magnetic conductor. For those interested in delving
more deeply into these questions, I recommend reading Bruce's paper,
and his paper reference's 14-18.
Tom Valone (1991) also presents theoretical and
experimental data that he has obtained with a Faraday disk, or
homopolar generator. He obtained a measured back torque of 0.17 N-m
for a 25 Watt generator which is in agreement with his theory. Tom is
one of the few researchers who has been doing accurate measurements on
such devices within the US today. George Hathaway (1991, 1992) is also
continuing to perform various experiments in Canada.
Richard (Scott) McKie (1991) has designed and tested a
small model of a PODMOD device: a Power On Demand MODule. The
circuitry invokes Tesla's theories of electron flow, resonance, and
magnetism, combined with modern theories on high frequency electronics
and radio antennas to generate power directly, without the inefficient
conversion of energy from other sources. A US patent has been filed
and granted. Scott claimes to be able to generate output power as much
as 4,000
times the input power. Prototypes have been built and tested,
including independent tests by accredited specialists. Plans are
currently underway to build full-scale commercial PODMOD units, to be
housed in standard 40 foot shipping containers, each having a
continuous base-load generating capacity of 10 megaWatts.
Don Kelly (1991) presented a very good review of the
Methernitha free energy machine, also known as the Swiss M-L
Converter, or the "Thesta-Distatica." The spiritual and communal group
of Methernitha is located in Switzerland, and a videotape might be
available from Don at the Space Energy Association that summarizes
their community and shows the device in operation. An English
transcription of that video is also available (Methernitha, 1989). The
device contains two counterrotating
disks (about two feet in diameter) that are set in motion by hand.
They continue to spin thereafter, and the machine generates usable
power that lights or powers small tools. The device appears to operate
continuously and generates a continuous 3 to 4 kiloWatts power at
about 220 Volts and about 10 Amps DC. From an analysis of Wimshurst
electrostatic generators, this would require a power increase factor,
or over-unity factor of about 20. Groups of investigative scientists
from Europe and Japan have been allowed to examine the device in the
1980s, and have all verified these claims without understanding the
machines principles of operation (Nieper, Hans A.,1981).
Methernitha is committed to not release details on their
device, as they believe that present mankind is not ready for such
advanced energy technology. Their point of view is adequately
summarized in a quote from a typed letter from Methernitha in 1988:
"To surprise present mankind with a free-energy device
would literally mean to pour oil into a world which is already set on
fire in too many places and domains of human life. What mankind needs
is peace, peace of mind to start with, to have a chance to find back
to nature and god, and not more and further technological support in
his strife for pleasure, which would rather drown him in an ocean of
noise, over-action and pollution in general. If you can not accept
this point
of view please discover a new 'free'-energy device by yourself. The
responsibility for its publication with all of its consequences will
then be yours only. May peace be with you. Methernitha."
From the videotape (or the transcription published in
1989), Methernitha states:
"This wondermachine is lurked from nature, nothing else.
Nature is the greatest source of power as well as knowledge which man
has, and it still conceals many secrets, which are only revealed to
those, who approach and tie in them with highest respect and
responsibility." "In order to understand nature and to perceive its
voice, man is obliged
to experience silence and solitude, and it was there, where the
knowledge about this technology was obtained." "To the educated
physicist many a thing of this machine may seem impossible, maybe even
crazy. Maybe he is also offended by the conceptions used to explain
the whole. Only partly we could use the concepts of conventional
physical terminology in order to explain and define only approximately
the functions and properties of the various parts of the machine." "It
has to be remembered that the established sciences were already many
times forced to change or give up some of their very fundamental
concepts. Think about Galileo Galilei, in order to name only one
example. Our human society almost condemned this man as a sorcerer and
magician, just because he investigated and discovered a truth which
seemed unacceptable by the established science of the days." "The book
of knowledge is not wrong, but it is incomplete, and therefore allows
to draw wrong conclusions." "We are part of a new era which brings to
light many new facts and new knowledge. The clothes of nowaday science
have become too tight and should be stripped off, just like the larva
of an insect does with its skin. Only this will allow a true
metamorphosis to take its course, and finally, at the limits and at
the destination of all worldly knowledge, a universal and unlimited
spiritual science, radiating and beautiful, just as the completed
imago of an insect, may give its blessings and benediction to a
renovated humanity." Tom Bearden (1991) described a Vacuum Triode
developed by Sweet. I have seen Tom's videotape of this device in
operation, when it was operating. Tom considers the highly nonlinear
nucleus of the atom as a pumped phase conjugate mirror (PPCM). He
likens this effect to a triode tube since the amplified phase
conjugate replica of the signal wave is much like the amplified output
of a triode, and the input to a PPCM is much like a triode's grid
signal input.
Sweet has developed working devices based upon this
vacuum triode concept utilizing paired barium ferrite magnets and
resonant circuits. It should be noted that in order for the device to
work, the magnets were preconditioned by an undisclosed process.
Devices have been reported and demonstrated to reliable witness that
have produced continuous 6, 500, and 5,000 Watts output from a nine
volt DC battery. Through Tom's theoretical suggestions, the circuit
was modified to test possible antigravity effects. The test results
performed by Sweet
alone indicated a 90% weight reduction of the device itself, from 6
pounds to about 20 ounces on a spring scale, when the external load
was increased from 0 to 10 Watts. To my knowledge, no further tests
have been performed with this device, as Sweet has had severe heath
and family difficulties.
Devices Worthy of Future Study
It is difficult to separate which devices should be
considered as more important or better to research than the others
listed in this paper. All have potential merit and application.
However; for a first step, what is really needed is repeatable
experimental evidence of a new potential source, to produce the
so-called zero point energy, free energy, or over-unity effects. As
funding is presently limited, the lack of resources limits our
research to simple and uncomplicated
devices. I would recommend the following devices, in order of
increasing complexity and financial commitment, as worthy of careful
attention and rapid duplication:
* Kelly's Soviet Resonant Circuit, A Computer Model and
Analyses;
* Bedini Free Energy Generator (Brand new motorcycle
battery);
* Hickox's Electric Dynamo (US Patent No. 4,249,096);
* Kelly's Soviet Resonant Circuit;
* Russell's Counter-wound Overlapping Conical Coil
Designs;
* dePalma's and Valone's Homopolar Polar N-Machine
Generator;
* Brown's Radioactive Decay Resonant Circuit (US Patent
No.
4,835,433);
* Hyde's Electrostatic Energy Field Power Generating
System (US Patent No. 4,897,592);
* Sweet's Vacuum Triode;
* McKie's PODMOD Generation Device; and
* Methernitha's Swiss M-L Converter.
Summary
Of all of the devices reported herein, I know of none
that have been adequately tested and accepted to allow unconditional
support of their claims, nor have any of these devices been replicated
or reproduced by another party to confirm their operation. The devices
that appear most promising appear to be held as proprietary or
secretive for financial,
legal, or philosophical reasons. This very frustrating situation is
being actively overcome by the creation of a dedicated and growing
network of interested scientists and engineers, that are providing
accurate and honest information transfer, pooling resources, and
looking ahead to create, organize, and provide adequate financial
support that works.
Business Plan
What is needed is an international organization that is
committed to the study of these fields and the support of its
researchers. Such an organization cannot survive within the United
States alone. What is proposed is a three step plan: (1) The creation
of an annual advanced energy conference to bring together those who
will openly discuss ideas, experiments, and devices; (2) The creation
of an international non-profit corporation that would support these
activities and extend and network these conferences internationally;
and (3) The creation of a financial dividend structure that would
allow all participants to gain from the success of others. Research
and advancement done at the expense of others must become a thing of
the past.
Acknowledgments
I thank all of the researchers and authors that have
promoted these ideas and have placed themselves on the line in the
face of so-called adversity. I also thank the staff and promoters of
the IANS for conducting this conference, and I thank Tom Bearden for
allowing me to take his place during this conference in his absence.
Finally, I thank myself and my higher guides for allowing me to be
able to continue to increase my consciousness, to learn to accept
knowledge without fear, and to accurately transmit that knowledge to
others.
by Patrick G. Bailey, Ph. D.
P.O. Box 201
Los Altos, CA 94023-0201
1304 S. College Avenue
Ft. Colins, CO 80524
(303) 482-3731
Introduction
Areas Of Related Interest
Politics
Religion
Sex
UFOs and Crop Circles
Background Material
Patents
Books and Reports
Conferences
Societies and Publications
Free Energy Theory, Experiments, and Devices
Free Energy Theoretical Considerations
Reports on Experiments and Working Devices
Devices Worthy of Future Study
Summary
Business Plan
Acknowledgments