by Wal Thornhill
from
Holoscience.com Website
Contents
1.
Preface
2.
The Electric Universe
3.
A Little History
4.
What Big Bang?
5.
Electric Galaxies
6.
Electric Stars
7.
Planets
8.
Electrical Cratering
9.
Electrical Weather
10.
Life Itself
11.
Some Basics
12.
So What?
Return
1.
Preface
“The most merciful
thing in the world ... is the inability of the human mind to
correlate all its contents... The sciences, each straining in
its own direction, have hitherto harmed us little; but someday
the piecing together of dissociated knowledge will open up such
terrifying vistas of reality... That we shall either go mad from
the revelation or flee from the deadly light into the peace and
safety of a new dark age.”
- H. P. Lovecraft
In a broadly
interdisciplinary inquiry such as this, communication itself can
pose quite a challenge. Typically, the greatest difficulties in
communication will occur when one is questioning something already "known"
to be true. On matters of underlying principle, the confidence
behind established ideas can be so high that discussion itself may
seem quite senseless. This difficulty is aggravated by fragmentation
of the process by which information is gathered and evaluated. The
specialization of intellectual inquiry carries with it certain risks
when assumptions within one discipline rest upon prior assumptions
in other disciplines. No one can be an expert on everything,
and when considering possibilities outside one’s personal expertise,
it is only natural to defer to what specialists in other studies
claim to know. But what are the consequences of this when
theoretical suppositions, though perceived as fact, cannot account
for compelling new fields of data?
Given the extreme fragmentation of established science today it is
difficult to imagine that the enterprise as a whole could ever "correlate
all its contents." Yet extraordinary strides toward that "someday"
envisioned by Lovecraft may now be possible through a new
approach - one in which electrical phenomena receive the full
attention they deserve, and all appropriate fields of evidence are
included. To some, the prospects may appear every bit as disturbing
as Lovecraft imagined. But for those who instinctively seek
out unifying principles, the new horizons will be at once
breathtaking and hopeful.
This introduction will present a new "deep focus lens" for
viewing the physical universe, from sub-atomic particles to galactic
realms unknown before the Hubble telescope. The
Electric Universe is a holistic answer to myopia
*
- that narrowing of vision which naturally accompanies the
fragmentation of knowledge and learning. For those with the courage
to see clearly, the required "unlearning" of fashionable ideas
carries no real cost whatsoever. The terror Lovecraft
envisioned is only the first rush of uncertainty, when ideas long
taken for granted are thrown into question by facts and simple
reasoning previously ignored. The "piecing together of
dissociated knowledge" will only require us to confront the deep
contradictions in things experts have long claimed to know. With the
courage to see clearly, the adventure itself could well be "the
most merciful thing in the world," adding new insights into the
greatest dramas of early human history and vital perspective to
humanity’s situation in the cosmos. Lovecraft did not realize
that the "terrifying vistas" are but a mirage seen
through an open door. The truth is always unified, and
as such it can only be friendly to those who seek the truth first.
As we pass through the door, it is not fear that goes with us, but
the exhilaration of discovery.
*
Myopia - a
disinclination to acknowledge the existence of something.
- Wal Thornhill /
David Talbott
Go Back
2. The
Electric Universe
The Electric Universe model is a coherent "Big
Picture" of our situation in the universe, spanning many
disciplines. It highlights repeated electrical patterns at all
scales that enable laboratory experiments to explain the strange,
energetic events seen, for example, in deep space, on the Sun,
and on Jupiter’s moon, Io. The
Electric Universe works backward in time using observations
rather than forward from some idealized theoretical beginning. It
provides simple answers to problems that are now clothed in
fashionable metaphysics and mysticism. It is more interdisciplinary
and inclusive of information than any prior cosmology. It points to
practical possibilities far beyond the limits set by current
science.
The Electric Universe model grew out of a broad
interdisciplinary approach to science. It is not a technique taught
in universities. The Electric Universe is based more on
observations and experiment than abstract theory.
It recognizes connections between diverse disciplines. It concludes
that the crucial requirement for understanding the universe is to
take fully into account the basic electrical nature of atoms
and their interactions. Strangely, this is not the case in
conventional
cosmology where weaker magnetism and the infinitely
weaker force of gravity rule the cosmos. Such a
simplification may suit a theoretical physics based on
electrical neutrality of matter in Earthly laboratories but it
does not apply in space where plasma dominates.
Plasma has been called the "fourth state"
of matter, after solids, liquids and gases. Most of the
matter in the universe is in the form of plasma. A
plasma is formed if some of the negatively charged
electrons are separated from their host atoms in a gas, leaving
the atoms with a positive charge. The negatively charged
electrons, and the positively charged atoms (known
as positive ions) are then free to move separately
under the influence of an applied voltage or magnetic field. Their
net movement constitutes an electrical current. So, one of the more
important properties of a plasma is that it can conduct electrical
current. It does so by forming current filaments that follow
magnetic field lines. Filamentary patterns are ubiquitous in the
cosmos.
Go Back
3. A
Little History
"To be sure, nature
distributes her gifts unevenly among her children. But there are
plenty of the well-endowed, thank God, and I am firmly convinced
that most of them live quiet, unobtrusive lives."
- Albert Einstein
The pieces of the
Electric Universe "Big Picture" are supplied by some remarkable
individuals, most of them unknown and who have lived or are living "quiet,
unobtrusive lives" away from universities. For those with
a sense of history this fact should serve to increase curiosity
rather than dull it. Most revolutions in science have come from
people who taught themselves outside the academic system and were
not constrained by the fallacies and fashions of the day. It has
been
well
documented that modern institutions of science operate
in such a way as to enforce conformity and prevent
research and publication of revolutionary ideas. J. R. Saul
argues that medieval scholasticism was re-established during
the 20th century. If so, the new "Enlightenment" will have to
come, as before, from outside academia.
For me, enlightenment began with the controversial polymath and
author of
Worlds in Collision, Immanuel
Velikovsky. In 1950 he demonstrated an interdisciplinary,
comparative technique for uncovering hard evidence of
planetary catastrophe from the recorded memories of the
earliest civilizations. His method was forensic in that he
looked for reports of physical events of a highly unusual nature
that were nonetheless corroborated globally by totally separate
cultures. Then by applying scientific knowledge of cause and effect,
it was possible to build a very detailed model of the sequence of
those events. Finally, the model enabled specific predictions to be
made and confirmed - a requirement of a good scientific theory. Some
of the predictions he made were outrageous at the time:
-
Venus would be near incandescently hot
-
Jupiter would emit radio noise
-
the
Moon rocks would be magnetized
-
and so
on
Velikovsky was
right, astronomers of the day were wrong. However, you will not
find any textbook that gives him credit because his theory was
judged to be wrong. Presumably they were all lucky guesses!
It became clear to Velikovsky that Newton’s concept of
gravity was insufficient to explain the reported behavior of the
planets. And it certainly could not answer the obvious question, "why
do the skies look so peaceful now?" This allowed a dogmatic
response by academia to Velikovsky’s seminal breakthrough. It
was said his theory didn’t obey Newton’s laws. But what did
Newton know of electricity? And if anyone believes
that Newton’s laws guarantee a stable planetary system -
think again! Any gravitational system with more than two orbiting
bodies is unstable. Yet the question is hardly ever asked, let
alone answered, "what produces the observed stability of the
solar system?" Velikovsky was convinced
that
the clue lay in his discovery that electrical forces
dominate the incredibly weak force of gravity at times of
planetary close encounters. Although he was unable to explain at the
time how this would create the observed stability of the solar
system, with his uncanny prescience he had pointed the way to
the Electric Universe.
Since then skeptical scholars have shown Velikovsky’s
historical perspective of cataclysmic events to be wrong. However,
his basic premise of planetary encounters has been confirmed and the
details fleshed out to an extraordinary degree. Several pioneering
researchers in this new field now agree that awe-inspiring planetary
encounters did occur in pre-history. To the most ancient
civilizations they were a culturally defining memory. They were the
inspiration for pyramids, megaliths, statues,
totems and sacred rock art. The survivors of global
upheaval felt it imperative that the memory be preserved and passed
down faithfully to future generations in the expectation that the "gods"
would return. The memorialization took the form of
architecture, ritual and story
to re-enact the apocalyptic power of the planetary gods over
human destiny. Such a catastrophic beginning explains why
civilization appeared like a thunderclap out of nowhere.
Unfortunately, with no reference points in the present behavior of
the planets, the stories lost their real meaning. This
short explanation may seem contrived until the wealth of supporting
evidence can be presented.
However, it highlights
the crucial distinction between the planetary catastrophism
of the Electric Universe and that of
neo-catastrophists who attempt to explain the evidence for
planetary encounters in terms of cometary phenomena.
Modern comets simply do not fit the
descriptions from the past. Nor can they account for abundant
evidence of fresh looking planetary cratering and scarring.
Besides, in an Electric Universe comets are not
the apocalyptic threat to the Earth imaginatively portrayed by
artists. Such pictures are entirely fanciful because a comet
would be disrupted electrically by a cosmic thunderbolt
before it hit the Earth. The only visible evidence
remaining would be an electric arc crater like
Meteor Crater in Arizona.
The Electric Universe model grew from the realization
that a new plasma cosmology and an understanding of
electrical phenomena in space could illuminate the new work
being done in comparative mythology. In return the
images of events witnessed in the prehistoric sky and their sequence
could help unravel the recent history of the Earth,
Mars and Venus. By accepting data over a
far wider span of knowledge and human existence than conventional
cosmology allows, the Electric Universe model began to
provide pragmatic and common sense answers to many questions that
seem
unrelated.
It followed the entreaty of the Nobel Prize winning
plasma physicist and cosmologist, Hannes Alfvén, to work
backwards in time from observations rather than forward from some
idealized theoretical beginning.
"We have to learn
again that science without contact with experiments is an
enterprise which is likely to go completely astray into
imaginary conjecture."
- Evolution of the
Solar System, NASA 1976, H. Alfvén & G, Arrhenius,
p. 257.
The result is now a "Big
Picture" that emphasizes our dramatic prehistory and essential
connectedness to the universe. No longer do we have to look at
ourselves and the universe through the distorting sideshow mirrors
of modern science.
The implications of electrical activity between planets will be
profoundly disturbing for those who have built their cosmology
around the weak force of gravity, acting in an
electrically sterile universe. This strange, dogmatic
oversight guarantees that nothing will remain in future of
the fanciful Big Bang theory or the simplistic story
of the formation of the solar system.
Go Back
4.
What Big Bang?
The
Big Bang is already dead! The unheralded "Galileo
of the 20th century", Halton Arp, has proven that the
universe is not expanding. The Big Bang theory is based
on a misinterpretation of redshift. The redshift
of a distant galaxy is measured in the light coming from that
galaxy. Lines in the spectrum of that galaxy show a shift toward
the red compared with the same lines from our Sun.
Arp discovered that high and low redshift objects are
sometimes connected by a bridge or jet of matter.
So redshift cannot be a measure of distance.
Most of the redshift is intrinsic to the object. But there is
more: Arp found that the intrinsic redshift of a
quasar or galaxy took discrete values, which decreased with distance
from a central active galaxy. In Arp’s new view of the
cosmos, active galaxies "give birth" to
high redshift quasars and companion galaxies.
Redshift becomes a measure of the relative ages of nearby
quasars and galaxies, not their distance. As a quasar
or galaxy ages, the redshift
decreases in discrete steps, or quanta.
The huge puzzle for astrophysicists is why a galaxy
should exhibit an atomic phenomenon. So we turn to particle physics.
This difficulty highlights the fact that quantum "mechanics"
applied to atoms is a theory without physical reality. The weirdness
of quantum theory has been attributed to the subatomic scale
to which it applies. But now that we have quantum effects
in something the size of a galaxy, this convenient nonsense
is exposed. If Arp is right many experts are going to look
very silly. His discovery sounded the alarm in some halls of
Academe and since nobody likes a loud noise - particularly if
they are asleep - the knee-jerk response was to attack the guy with
his finger on the alarm button. Arp’s telescope time
was denied, papers rejected, and he was forced to leave the US to
pursue his work.
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5.
Electric Galaxies
For
more than 10 years plasma physicists have had an
electrical model of galaxies. It works with real-world physics.
The model is able to successfully account for the observed shapes
and dynamics of galaxies without recourse to invisible dark matter
and central black holes. It explains simply the powerful
electric jets seen issuing along the spin axis from the
cores of active galaxies. Recent results from mapping the
magnetic field of a spiral galaxy confirm the electric model.
On the other hand, cosmologists cannot explain why spiral shapes are
so common and they have only ad-hoc explanations for galactic
magnetic fields. More recently, inter-galactic magnetic fields
have been discovered which is the final straw to break the camel’s
back. Incredible gravitational models involving invisible "black
holes" have had to be invented in a desperate attempt to
explain how the attractive force of gravity can result in
matter being ejected in a narrow jet at relativistic speeds.
Why do we accept such science fiction as fact when an Electric
Universe predicts spiral shapes, magnetic fields and jets?
The cosmic magnetic fields simply delineate the
electric currents that create, move and
light the galaxies.
Go Back
6.
Electric Stars
Plasma physicists argue that stars are
formed by an electromagnetic "pinch" effect on widely
dispersed gas and dust. The "pinch" is created by the
magnetic force between parallel current filaments that are part of
the huge electric currents flowing inside a galaxy. It is far more
effective than gravity in concentrating matter and, unlike gravity,
it can remove excess angular momentum that tends to prevent
collapse. Stars will form like beads on a wire until
gravity takes over. The late Ralph Juergens, an engineer from
Flagstaff,
Arizona, in the 1970’s took the next mental leap to suggest
that the electrical input doesn’t stop there and that
stars are not thermonuclear engines! This is
obvious when the Sun is looked at from an
electrical discharge perspective.
The galactic
currents that create the stars persist to
power them. Stars behave as electrodes in a
galactic glow discharge. Bright stars like our Sun
are great concentrated balls of lightning! The matter inside
stars becomes positively charged as electrons drift toward the
surface. The resulting internal electrostatic forces prevent stars
from collapsing gravitationally and occasionally cause them to "give
birth" by electrical fissioning to form
companion stars and gas giant planets. Sudden brightening, or a
nova outburst marks such an event. That
elucidates why stars commonly have partners and why
most of the giant planets so far detected closely
orbit their parent star.
Stellar evolution
theory and the age of stars is an elaborate fiction. The
appearance of a star is determined largely by its electrical
environment and can change suddenly. Plasma physicists
and electrical engineers are best able to recognize plasma
discharge phenomena. Stellar physics is in the wrong hands.
Go Back
7.
Planets
Earth-like planets and moons are similarly "born" by
electrical expulsion of part of the positively charged cores of
dwarf stars and gas giants. That
explains the dichotomy between the dense rocky planets and moons
and the gaseous giant planets. In the Electric Universe
model, gravity itself is simply an electrostatic
dipolar force. So planetary orbits are stabilized against
gravitational chaos by exchange of electric charge through
their plasma tails (Venus is still doing so
strongly, judging by its "cometary" magnetotail,
and it has the most circular orbit of any planet) and consequent
modification of the gravity of each body.
Planets will
quickly assume orbits that ensure the least electrical interaction.
Impacts between large bodies are avoided and capture rendered more
probable by exchange of electric charge between them. Capture of our
Moon becomes the only option, it cannot have been
created from the Earth. Evidence of past planetary
instabilities is written large on the surfaces of all solid bodies
in the solar system. That evidence is in the form of electric arc
cratering.
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8.
Electrical Cratering
Electric
discharges between closely approaching bodies takes the form
of "thunderbolts
of the gods", or distinctively shaped helical
plasmoids. Such plasmoids were sculpted by
many ancient cultures when depicting Jupiter hurling
his thunderbolt.
Jupiter’s thunderbolt raises questions about the history of
mankind and the Earth that have never before been asked. When it
comes to dating planetary surfaces, plasmoids cause
characteristic electrical arc scarring in the form of sinuous
channels and neatly circular craters with steep walls and
occasional
central peaks. Such craters are universally
misinterpreted as impact craters. The sinuous channels are
wrongly classified as riverbeds or lava channels. Minutes or
hours of electrical scarring can produce a surface
like that of the Moon, which is later interpreted in
ad hoc fashion to be billions of years old. Hemispheric differences
in cratering are expected in this model. And for the skeptics,
subdued electric arc machining of a planet-sized body continues
to this day on Jupiter’s innermost moon,
Io.
Planetary geologists are not trained to recognize electric arc
scarring otherwise they would have seen at a glance the
characteristic cathodic surface erosion and cathode jets
on Io. They are definitely not
volcanos as we know them from geology textbooks.
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9.
Electrical Weather
Most
people are unaware that we have no understanding of how lightning is
created in clouds. The simplest answer is that lightning is not
generated there at all. Clouds merely form a convenient path to
Earth for electricity originating in space.
Without clouds it is possible to have a "bolt from the blue".
That is happening on Venus (although the sky certainly
isn’t blue). Weather systems are driven primarily by
external electrical influences.
Consequently the Sun has weather patterns. And the
most distant planet, Neptune, has the most violent
winds in the solar system though it receives very little
energy from the Sun. Electric discharges from space
cause Mars’ huge dust devils and planet-wide dust
storms. They are responsible for Jupiter’s Great
Red Spot and the "spokes" in Saturn’s rings.
It is why Venus has lightning in its smog-like clouds
and its mountain-tops glow with St. Elmo’s fire. It is why
the Earth has lightning stretching into space in the
form of "red sprites" and "blue jets", and why
tethered satellites "blow a fuse".
However, nobody is trained to consider electrical energy input to
weather systems.
The image on the right is NASA artist’s view of
lightning on Venus during the descent of one of the
Pioneer probes. Venus has smog-like clouds that
are not expected to generate lightning and yet the planet suffers
intense lightning. This argues against the popular notion of
what causes lightning.
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10. Life Itself
It seems that when a dwarf star or gas giant
planet "gives birth" to a rocky satellite,
parent and child usually remain closely
bound. Our solar system, with its widely spaced orbits and chaotic
features, appears to be the result of a recent cosmic "traffic
accident". This seemingly wild conjecture is supported by the
global stories of prehistoric planetary encounters. So to use our
situation as a measure of a normal planetary system will give wildly
misleading ideas of how life begins and estimates of the likelihood
of life elsewhere in the universe. The most benign situation for
life in an Electric Universe is inside the electrical
cocoon of a brown dwarf star. Radiant energy is
then evenly distributed over the entire surface of any planet
orbiting within the chromosphere of such a star,
regardless of axial rotation, tilt, or orbital eccentricity.
The exceedingly thin atmosphere of such stars
has the essential water and carbon compounds to mist down onto
planetary surfaces. The reddish light is ideal for photosynthesis.
Such a model provides one reason why the Search for
Extra-Terrestrial Intelligence (SETI) project is
unlikely to succeed. Any advanced civilization on such a planet
will be unaware that the universe exists outside its own stellar
environment, and radio communication through the glow
discharge of the star is impossible!
Our education systems are not suited to the broad
interdisciplinary knowledge required in an Electric
Universe.
Go Back
11. Some Basics
"The machines that
are first invented to perform any particular movement are always
the most complex, and succeeding artists generally discover that
with fewer wheels, with fewer principles of motion than had
originally been employed, the same effects may be more easily
produced. The first philosophical systems, in the same manner,
are always the most complex."
- Adam Smith
The Electric Universe
takes a simplifying leap by unifying the nuclear forces, magnetism
and gravity as manifestations of a near instantaneous electrostatic
force. Instead of being "spooked" by the concept of
action-at-a-distance, like most physicists this century, the
Electric Universe accepts it as an observational fact.
Anyone who has tried to force two like poles of magnets together has
demonstrated action-at-a-distance. "Electromagnetic"
radiation is then simply the result of an
oscillating electrostatic force.
At the level of the atom, the Electric Universe model takes a lead
from the work of Ralph Sansbury, an independent New York
researcher. Foremost is the simple recognition of the basic
electrical nature of matter and the primacy of the electrostatic
force in matter interactions. It also rests upon the simple
assumption that the proton, neutron and electron are composed of
smaller charged particles, orbiting each other in a classical sense
in stable, resonant orbits. That is, the energy exchanged between
those sub-particles in elastic deformation during each orbit sums to
zero. Being charged, the sub-particles interact via the
electrostatic force.
A simple calculation
shows that the sub-particles that form an electron must travel at a
speed far in excess of the speed of light - some 2.5
million light-years per second, or from here to the far side of
the Andromeda galaxy in one second! So the electrostatic
force must act at a speed which is almost infinite on our
scale for the electron to be stable. It is the stable orbital
resonances of these sub-particles, both within and between particles
that give rise to the phenomena of protons, neutrons, electrons
and atoms. Other denizens of the particle "zoo" are
merely transient resonant states of the same charged
sub-particles. The so-called "creation" of
matter from energetic photons is an illusion in which
pre-existing matter is reorganized into new resonant states that
give the impression that a particle has suddenly materialized.
Antimatter is a misnomer since it too is formed
from the same sub-particles as "normal" matter except that
the total charge is mirrored. Matter cannot be created or
annihilated.
A Conventional
View of Forces in Physics
1. Nuclear forces
keep the nucleons (protons and neutrons) together in the atomic
nucleus. They are the dominating forces in the nucleus, but of
no importance at large distances from it.
2a. Electric forces. A positive charge and negative
charge attract each other, but similar charges repel.
Electric forces keep the atoms together (" bind " the
electrons to the nucleus). They are of a certain importance in
the nucleus. At large distances electric forces are usually not
so important because of a screening effect. For example, a
positive charge attracts negative charges to its neighborhood so
that they screen off the field from the positive charge.
2b. Magnetic forces are closely related to the
electric forces. Because they cannot be screened very
easily, they are efficient at larger distances than electric
forces. Example: the Earth’s magnetic field.
3. Gravitation is much weaker than electric
forces and therefore of no importance in the atom. As
the gravitation cannot be screened, it is the dominating force
at large distances. The orbits of the planets and the motions of
stars and galaxies are ruled by gravitation.
- H. Alfvén.
Quantum Theory
For the first time the highly successful quantum theory gains
a physical explanation in terms of resonant motion of charged
particles, mediated by a near-instantaneous electrostatic force.
A quantum electron orbit is one in which the exchange
of energy between all of the sub-particles in the nucleus of an atom
and those in an orbiting electron, sum to zero over the orbit.
Exchange of energy takes the form of distortion of a particle to
form an electrostatic dipole or a move to a new resonant orbit.
Relativity Theory
Einstein’s
Special Theory was designed to define simultaneity in a universe
where the fastest force or signal was restricted to the measured
speed of detection of light from a distant source. With an
electrostatic force of near-infinite speed acting between the
sub-particles of all matter, relativity theory reduces to classical
physics. This leaves open the question of what we are measuring when
we determine the speed of light. The speed of light in galactic
terms is exceedingly slow, requiring about 150,000 years to cross
our galaxy. However, the astronomer Halton Arp has shown that
the redshifts of entire galaxies are quantized which requires
some form of near instantaneous, galaxy-wide communication at the
sub-atomic level. There are now several reported experiments that
demonstrate faster than light effects. With the Special Theory
gone, and the universe in communication with its parts
effectively in real-time, there can be no time travel and space and
time are independent.
Common sense has always
suggested that this was so. Einstein’s General Theory
was devised to explain gravity. It attempts to discard the
observed action-at-a-distance of gravity by proposing a
counter-intuitive warping of space in the presence of massive
objects. This unnecessary complication of space is then added to the
current metaphysical concepts of what constitutes the mass of an
object. But space must also "warp" at near infinite
speed to produce the observed planetary orbits. Common sense,
observation, and parsimony of hypotheses all suggest that the
electrostatic model of gravity (see below) is superior.
There is now experimental evidence from gravity measurements at the
time of a total solar eclipse that supports the Electric Universe
model and discounts the General Relativity model.
E = mc2
Einstein’s
famous mathematical expression E=mc2, equating energy and
mass is known by almost everyone. However, most textbooks go on to
use the word “matter” in place of “mass.”
But nowhere has it been shown that mass and matter are
interchangeable. In fact, we are entirely ignorant of what
constitutes the mass of an object. So it is inadmissible to imply
that energy and matter are interchangeable. The ultimate expression
of this idea led to the nonsense of the big bang. It seems
simpler and more sensible to suggest that both nuclear
and chemical energy is released or absorbed by the
rearrangement of the resonant orbits of charged particles. It is
then common sense to suggest that mass is the measured response of a
system of charged particles to an external electrostatic force.
The more massive an
object, the more the electrostatic force contributes
to the elastic deformation of its protons,
neutrons and electrons, rather than their
acceleration. This is the phenomenon seen in particle accelerators
and conventionally attributed to relativistic effects. But
relativity reduces to classical physics in a universe where the
electrostatic force has near-infinite speed. The first question to
be asked is - if it is that simple, why hasn’t it been thought of
long ago? The answer seems to lie in the propensity for
mathematical theory to supersede common sense and observation.
There is also a problem of language when mathematicians attempt to
provide real meaning for their symbols.
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12.
So What?
The consequences and possibilities in an Electric Universe
are far-reaching. First we must acknowledge our profound ignorance!
We know nothing of the origin of the universe. There was no
Big Bang. The visible universe is static and much smaller
than we thought. We have no idea of the age or extent of the
universe. We don’t know the ultimate source of the electrical
energy or matter that forms the universe. Galaxies
are shaped by electrical forces and form plasma focuses at their
centers, which periodically eject quasars and jets of electrons.
Quasars evolve into companion galaxies. Galaxies
form families with identifiable "parents" and "children".
Stars are electrical “transformers”
not thermonuclear devices. There are no neutron stars or
Black Holes. We don’t know the age of stars because the
thermonuclear evolution theory does not apply to them.
Supernovae are totally inadequate as a source of heavy
elements. We do not know the age of the Earth because radioactive
clocks can be upset by powerful electric discharges.
The powerful electric
discharges that form a stellar photosphere create the heavy elements
that appear in their spectra.
Stars "give
birth" electrically to companion stars and gas
giant planets.
-
Life is most
likely to form inside the radiant plasma envelope of a brown
dwarf star!
-
Our Sun
has gained new planets, including the Earth.
That accounts for the “fruit-salad” of their
characteristics.
-
It is not the
most hospitable place for life since small changes in the
distant Sun could freeze or sterilize the
Earth.
-
Planetary
surfaces and atmospheres are deposited during their birth
from a larger body and during electrical encounters with
other planets.
-
Planetary
surfaces bear the electrical scars of such cosmic
events.
-
The speed
of light is not a barrier.
-
Real-time
communication over galactic distances may be possible.
Therefore time is universal and time travel is impossible.
-
Anti-gravity is
possible.
-
Space has no
extra dimensions in which to warp or where parallel
universes may exist.
-
There is no "zero-point"
vacuum energy.
-
The invisible
energy source in space is electrical.
-
Clean nuclear
power is available from resonant catalytic nuclear
systems.
-
Higher energy is
available from resonant catalytic chemical systems than in
the usual chemical reactions.
-
Biological
enzymes are capable of utilizing resonant nuclear catalysis
to transmute elements.
-
Biological
systems show evidence of communicating via resonant chemical
systems, which may lend a physical explanation to the work
of
Rupert Sheldrake.
-
DNA
does not hold the key to life but is more like a blueprint
for a set of components and tools in a factory.
We may never be able to
read the human genome and tell whether it represents a
creature with two legs or six because the information that controls
the assembly line is external to the DNA. There is more to
life than chemistry.
We are not hopelessly isolated in time and space on a tiny rock,
orbiting an insignificant star in an insignificant galaxy. We are
hopefully connected with the power and intelligence of the
universe.
The future in an Electric Universe looks very exciting
indeed!
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