Moses’ Comet
Discovering Archeology, July/August 1999

by Mike Baillie

Moses called down a host of calamities upon Egypt until the pharaoh finally freed the Israelites. Perhaps he had the help of a comet impact coupled with a volcano. A volcano destroyed the island of Santorini in the Aegean Sea (between today’s Greece and Turkey) around the middle of the second millennium B.C. Researchers Val LaMarche and Kathy Hirschboeck suggest the volcano might be associated with tree-ring evidence for several years of intense cold beginning in 1627 B.C. Could that form the basis for strange meteorological phenomena recorded in the biblical book of Exodus?

In the book of Exodus, which describes events a few hundred kilometers from Santorini, we read of a pillar of cloud and fire, a lingering darkness, and the parting of the Red Sea. An enormous column of ash must have hung in the sky over the eruption (the Israelites’ “pillar of cloud by day and fire by night?”), and the volcano doubtless caused a tsunami, or tidal wave (which could have drowned a pharaoh’s army).

The Exodus story is traditionally dated to either the thirteenth or fifteenth century B.C. Those dates, however, depend ultimately on identifying the “Pharaoh of the Oppression,” and historians have never proven to which ruler that infamous title referred. Many biblical scholars will disagree, but I suggest that a seventeenth-century B.C. date is not impossible.

The argument can be bolstered. Equally catastrophic meteorological conditions are recorded in the Bible for the time of King David.

Psalm 18, in reference to David, speaks of terrifying events:

“Earth shook and trembled. The foundations of the hills moved and were shaken. ... Smoke ... fire ... darkness ... dark waters ... thick clouds of the skies ... hailstones and coals of fire.”

On some chronologies, David is placed 470 years after the Exodus. The spacing between the two disastrous events recorded in Irish tree rings at 1628 and 1159 B.C. is 469 years. The Exodus story includes dust, several days of darkness, hail, dead fish, undrinkable water, cattle killed by hail, water breaking out of rocks, the earth opening, the sea parting as in a tsunami, and so on.

Someone looking at the Exodus story and knowing descriptions of other distant volcanic effects might offer the possibility that the Israelites escaped from Egypt under the cover of a major natural catastrophe. There may be veiled references to comets in the biblical narrative, leading to the possibility that the Santorini eruption itself may have been triggered by a bolide (comet or asteroid) impact.

David Levy, co-discoverer of the comet that bears his and Jean Shoemaker’s names, has argued that the description of the “angel of the Lord in the sky over Jerusalem with a drawn sword” (1 Chronicles 21) could be a reference to a comet. The Angel of the Lord was, of course, also present at the Exodus, as it was “traveling in front of Israel’s army.” Further, there are indications that as the Israelites left Egypt, the night was as bright as midday. The nights over Europe were reported to have been daytime-bright after the only known modern bolide impact, the Tunguska explosion over Siberia in 1908.

These stories raise the question of whether comets recorded by the Chinese at the start and end of the Shang Dynasty, at very near the same dates, were the same as the comets that may be recorded in the Old Testament. I believe that we know the answer: In the last five millennia, several dynastic changes and dark ages have been the direct result of impacts and/or volcanoes.

The consequences of such events must have been devastating, leading to apocalyptic imagery in religious writing and predictions of the end of the world. Zachariah of Mitylene lived through the environmental disaster that began about 540 A.D. In the mid-550s, he wrote in his twelve-volume records of the trials the world had survived:

“In addition to all the fearful things described above, the earthquakes and famines and wars, ... there has also been fulfilled against us the curse of Moses in Deuteronomy.”

The curse included pestilence, consumption, fever, fiery blasts from the skies, mildew, a rain of powder and dust, and darkness. The curse of Moses must have seemed an appropriate description of life after the impact of a piece of a comet.

Mike Baillie is a leading dendrochronologist and Professor of Palaeoecology at Queen’s University, Belfast, Northern Ireland. His book, Exodus to Arthur, describes in detail his theory of comet encounters and turning points of civilization.
 

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Past Cataclysms

Scottish Ocean side

Broadcasts in France are talking more and more about cataclysms. What I’ve noticed is that each time there is a reference to a huge tidal wave in the past, which has been recently discovered. Recently, after a long speech about the Japanese tsunami, they talked about a discovery in Scotland.

A huge landslide on the ocean side affected the area and all the countries around up towards Norway. They were puzzled cause it is supposed to be a stable area. And this was said to have happened 7000 years ago.

Marine Sediment

A 28,000 Year Marine Record of Climate Change Quaternary Research, 1999, Vol. 51, No.. 1, pp. 83-93

University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany

Marine sediment cores from the continental slope off mid latitude Chile (33 degrees S) were studied with regard to grain-size distributions and clay mineral composition.

The data provide a 28,000 yr. C-14 accelerator mass spectrometry-dated record of variations in the terrigenous sediment supply reflecting modifications of weathering conditions and sediment source areas in the continental hinterland. These variations can be interpreted in terms of the paleoclimatic evolution of mid-latitude Chile and are compared to existing terrestrial records.

Glacial climates (28,000-18,000 cal yr. B.P.) were generally cold-humid with a cold-semiarid interval between 26,000 and 22,000 cal yr. B.P. The deglaciation was characterized by a trend toward more arid conditions. During the middle Holocene (8000-4000 cal yr. B.P.), comparatively stable climatic conditions prevailed with increased aridity in the Coastal Range.

The late Holocene (4000-0 cal yr. B.P.) was marked by more variable paleoclimates with generally more humid conditions. Variations of rain fall in mid-latitude Chile are most likely controlled by shifts of the latitudinal position of the Southern Westerlies. Compared to the Holocene, the southern westerly wind belt was located significantly farther north during the last glacial maximum.

Less important variations of the latitudinal position of the Southern Westerlies also occurred on shorter time scales.

University of Washington

Sea Level—Scientists Challenge Conventional Sea Level Theory

ABC News,

December 3, 1999

Australian scientists say they have discovered evidence of rapid change in world sea levels and of a dramatic fall in geologically recent times -directly challenging current conventional wisdom.

Dr Robert Baker of the University of New England, in the New South Wales country town of Armidale, has tapped the secrets of worm coatings on once-submerged rocks to shake established theory that sea levels are presently as high as they have ever been.

Based on height measurements of worm coatings on rocks now well above sea level, and carbon dating tests which show them to be as recent as 3,500 years old, Baker argues that sea levels have not been steady since the last ice age, as is commonly believed. Instead, he told Australia’s ABC television, it changed rapidly 3,000-5,000 years ago.

“It means that the whole natural system is unstable, it’s been unstable for 130,000 years.”

Baker and his colleagues at New England University say the sea level may have fallen quickly 3,500 years ago, by as much as a meter in just 10-50 years. This means that the current rise in the sea level - normally associated with environmental warming caused by the so-called greenhouse effect - might not be that unusual, Baker said. He also said that his evidence pointed to the controversial conclusion that sea levels had once been higher than they are now.

“The conventional wisdom has been that sea levels haven’t been higher. (Contrary) evidence was something that they weren’t prepared to accept,” he said.

Baker’s theories, which he first aired 20 years ago, were initially rejected, but are now about to receive a wider audience with their publication in the respected journal Marine Biology. The implications go further than greenhouse and global warming. Baker said big movements in sea levels could explain the migration of Australian Aborigines and give clues about the fate of ancient civilizations such as in Egypt.
 

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Extinctions

According to Discovery magazine, April 1999, the American Mastodon roamed here for about 4 million years until about 11,500 years ago. Another type, the Mammuthus primigenius, roamed around 400,000 years until 3,900 years ago. Both extinction times could be multiples of 3,600 years. The heyday of the woolly mammoth was the Pleistocene Epoch, stretching from 1.8 million years ago to the end of the last ice age 11,000 years ago.

Mammoths thrived particularly well in Siberia, where dry grasslands once stretched for hundreds of miles, supporting a vibrant ecosystem of mammoths, bison, and other jumbo herbivores. .. The mammoth fossils on Wrangel Island are the youngest that have ever been found. It was there, apparently, that mammoths made their last stand. They died out only 3,800 years ago.

It had always been thought that the mammoth died out about ten thousand years ago, with the end of the ice age, but the tusk appeared to be 7,000 years old. It was so unlikely, so Buttanyan tested five more tusks, but the new dates pointed to an even more remarkable conclusion. Hidden up here [Rangell Island] in the Arctic, the mammoth hadn’t just survived the end of the ice age, it was walking these hills at the time of the Egyptian Pharaohs, only 3500 years ago.

This discovery has led to the re-examination of the complex chain of ‘cause and effect’ that made mammoths die out everywhere else, and in the process has revitalized the whole debate about how species might avoid extinction.

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Magnetic Decay

Date: Mon., 10 Nov. 1997 15:06:01 GMT

From: Larry Newitt <newitt@geolab.nrcan.gc.ca>

Subject: re: decay of the earth’s magnetic field

I am not familiar with the article by Barnes in the SIS Review, but the decrease in the earth’s magnetic field to which he referred is well known. That is not to say that the strength of the magnetic field is decreasing by the same amount everywhere. Measurements of the magnetic field strength are routinely made at different places on the earth show, and show different rates of decrease; in fact, some places show an increase.

However, mathematical analyses of the observations, which are routinely done every few years, show an overall decrease in what is called the “dipole moment” of the magnetic field. (See for example, C.E. Barton, Journal of Geomagnetism and Geoelectricity, v 49, 123-148, 1997.) This decrease is approximately linear, not exponential.

If it were to continue, the dipole moment would become zero in about 1250 years, but Barton points out that the dipole appears to be recovering from an historic high that occurred about 2000 years ago, so there is no reason to believe that the decrease will continue indefinitely.
 

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Deep Quakes

An exponential increase in deep quakes down to the 500 km level since 1994, using the database provided by a private organization known as The Council of the National Seismic System, working out of Berkeley, CA, which provide earthquake data and answers questions at their web site.

Note a depth down to 500 km was taken for this graph, versus a depth down to only 550 km for other pages on this site discussing this issue. This graph is thus more comprehensive, and thus more accurate.

The search parameters used were:

• catalog = CNSS

• start time = yyyy/mm/dd,hh:mm:ss

• end time = yyyy/mm/dd,hh:mm:ss

• minimum magnitude = 3.0

• maximum magnitude = 9

• minimum depth = 500

• maximum depth = 700

• event type = E

And the search results were:

Look At the Jump up in the # of Deep Quakes Starting in 1995!

Planet X’s Legendary Approach

Starts the Approximate 7 Year Cycle of Events Yet Again
Since 1996 a private organization known as The Council of the National Seismic System, working out of Berkeley, CA, provides earthquake data and answers questions at their web site. Their graph of earthquakes during 1996 dramatically shows the sharp increase in deep earthquakes.
 

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Climate Changes

Arctic thunderstorms seen as latest signal of climate change OTTAWA (CP)
Canada’s Inuit are seeing something unknown in their oral history—thunder and lightning. Electric storms in the High Arctic are among the evidence of climate change being reported in a new study by the Winnipeg-based International Institute for Sustainable Development.

The study is believed to be the first to intensively document aboriginal knowledge of changes in the Arctic environment.

“When I was a child I never heard thunder or saw lightning, but in the last few years we’ve had thunder and lightning,” Rosemarie Kuptana of Sachs Harbour, NWT., said Tuesday. “The animals really don’t know what to do because they’ve never experienced this kind of phenomenon.”

Researchers spent a year visiting the community of Sachs Harbour, accompanying people on their hunting and fishing trips and recording their observations on videotape. The result is a powerful portrait of environmental upheaval—melting permafrost, thinning ice, mudslides, even the disappearance of an entire lake as its once-frozen shores gave way. The freshwater fish that lived in the lake were killed as it drained into the ocean. “You used to be able to walk along the beach there, now it’s all mud,” said hunter John Keogak, one of those interviewed on the video, pointing to a shoreline area.

Thinner ice has made it dangerous to pursue polar bears and seals and more difficult for the bears to pursue their prey. “If this keeps up . . . the polar bears, how are they going to survive?” asks Inuit hunter Peter Esau. Residents say the seals used to bask on ice floes in the harbour throughout the summer, but in recent summers the floes have disappeared. People now see robins and barn swallows—species that never used to come so far north.

There are unfamiliar beetles and sand flies. Melting permafrost is causing buildings to tilt and has rendered roads unusable.

“Climate change isn’t any longer a theory but is in fact something that’s happening right now and it’s affecting the lives of many of Canada’s northern people,” said scientist Graham Ashford.

He noted the Inuit possess knowledge that can’t be obtained from other sources.

“The Inuvialuit hunt and trap and they’re out on the land all the time. They notice very small changes.

 

“They’re telling us very clearly, it wasn’t like this before, and they give excellent examples of how they know that it’s different...”

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Government Wraps Things Up By 2003

How much of the following is coincidence? Some, I’m sure, but not all. You decide for yourself. Then put this together with everything else and perhaps you are starting now to see the big picture. I know, it’s ominous. There’s also much adventure for those of great faith and no fear.

The passing of Planet X in 2003 is an all encompassing overwhelming issue. How it will impact your life, I cannot say. The decision to ignore or deal with it is yours alone. Anything can happen in the next few months. Who’s to say you will be alive by the time it passes. If this is true then learning of its existence may not be meant for you.

The White House, Office of the Press Secretary (Annapolis, Maryland)

For Immediate Release

May 22, 1998

Fact Sheet Protecting America’s Critical Infrastructures: PPD 63

 

This Presidential Directive builds on the recommendations of the President’s Commission on Critical Infrastructure Protection. In October 1997, the Commission issued its report calling for a national effort to assure the security of the United States’ increasingly vulnerable and interconnected infrastructures, such as telecommunications, banking and finance, energy, transportation, and essential government services.

 

Presidential Decision Directive 63 is the culmination of an intense, interagency effort to evaluate those recommendations and produce a work able and innovative framework for critical infrastructure protection.

 

The President’s policy:

Sets a goal of a reliable, interconnected, and secure information system infrastructure by the year 2003, and significantly increased security to government systems by the year 2000, by:

• Immediately establishing a national center to warn of and respond to attacks

• Ensuring the capability to protect critical infrastructures from intentional acts by 2003

• Addresses the cyber and physical infrastructure vulnerabilities of the Federal government by requiring each department and agency to work to reduce its exposure to new threats

• Requires the Federal government to serve as a model to the rest of the country for how infrastructure protection is to be attained

• Seeks the voluntary participation of private industry to meet common goals for protecting our critical systems through public-private partnerships

• Protects privacy rights and seeks to utilize market forces. It is meant to strengthen and protect the nation’s economic power, not to stifle it

• Seeks full participation and input from the Congress

PDD-63 sets up a new structure to deal with this important challenge:

• A National Coordinator whose scope will include not only critical infrastructures but also foreign terrorism and threats of domestic mass destruction (including biological weapons) because attacks on the US may not come labeled in neat jurisdictional boxes

• The National Infrastructure Protection Center (NIPC) at the FBI which will fuse representatives from FBI, DOD, USSS, Energy, Transportation, the Intelligence Community, and the private sector in an unprecedented attempt at information sharing among agencies in collaboration with the private sector

• The NIPC will also provide the principal means of facilitating and coordinating the Federal Government’s response to an incident, mitigating attacks, investigating threats and monitoring reconstitution efforts

• Information Sharing and Analysis Centers (ISACs) are encouraged to be set up by the private sector in cooperation with the Federal government and modeled on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

• A National Infrastructure Assurance Council drawn from private sector leaders and state/local officials to provide guidance to the policy formulation of a National Plan

• The Critical Infrastructure Assurance Office will provide support to the National Coordinator’s work with government agencies and the private sector in developing a national plan

• The office will also help coordinate a national education and awareness program, and legislative and public affairs.

For more detailed information on this Presidential Decision Directive, contact the Critical Infrastructure Assurance Office (703) 696-9395 for copies of the White Paper on Critical Infrastructure Protection.

DOD Records Department of Defense Records Management Task Force

Semi - Annual Report

January to June 1995

The mission of the Department of Defense (DOD) Records Management Task Force (RMTF) is to develop plans and draft policy to implement six strategic improvement initiatives proposed by the DOD RM Business Process Reengineering (BPR) effort completed in July 1994 and approved by the Assistant Secretary of Defense [ASD (C3I)].

 

These initiatives must be implemented, with emphasis on electronic records, to reach the goal of a single Department process for managing information as records for the year 2003.

DOD Managing Information as Records:

Strategic Plan

2003 July 28, 1995

The overall mission of records management is found in this document.

 

The strategic plan is the Department’s information management planning vehicle which provides a broad brush perspective on purpose, vision, goals and functions which supports this mission. Special attention is directed to opportunities technology offers. One foresight in understanding this mission has been expressed by:

“the right information will be available to decision makers in the right format at the right time.”

This report proffers two simplified modern precepts. The first precept is that a record consists of information, regardless of medium, detailing the transaction of business. The second precept is that all Government employees are decision makers. DOD projects all unclassified information will be supported in a distributed electronic environment in the near future, all of which must be attended to by a standard records management process and system by the year 2003.

 

The need for resources to be applied in areas of policy guidance, software acquisitions, and oversight of the implementation in support of the Department’s records management mission is emphasized. This report is intended for a wide audience, DOD employees, American Armed Forces Servicemen and Service women, and the general public.

 

Base Closings Base Closings

Reuters, May 11, 1999

Defense Secretary William Cohen and the Pentagon Joint Chiefs of Staff Tuesday urged the Senate Armed Services Committee to approve two new rounds of U.S. military base closings beginning in 2001. In separate letters to Republican Sen. John Warner of Virginia, the committee’s chairman, Cohen and the nation’s top military officers said more domestic bases must be closed to save money for military operations and new arms purchases.

 

The panel is expected to vote as early as this week on a proposal to pave the way for two rounds of base closings in 2001 and 2003 when it marks up the fiscal year 2000 military spending authorization bill.

Navy Plans Lieutenant General Jeffrey W. Oster

(USMC Deputy Chief of Staff Programs and Resources)

26 February 1997

Before the Subcommittees on Military Procurement and Research and Development of the House National Security Committee on Navy Shipbuilding Overview

 

Mr. Chairman, distinguished members of the Subcommittee, thank you for this opportunity to discuss the Department of the Navy’s shipbuilding programs and the fiscal year 1998 budget request. It is an honor and a pleasure to appear before you.

 

Shipbuilding Plan Overview

The cornerstone of our shipbuilding plan for the Future Years Defense Program in fiscal years 1998 through 2003 is full funding of all of the ships in the plan, including all of our submarines and the tenth and final NIMITZ class aircraft carrier, the CVN 77.

 

Key factors used in developing our plans for the future are the number of ships now in the fleet -approximately 354 ships and submarines - and their average age.

Star Wars Congressional Record

June - 4, 1996

DEFEND AMERICA ACT OF 1996 - MOTION TO PROCEED

(Senate - June 04, 1996) [Page: S5716] 

In short, our actions, if we go for and vote for the Dole star wars bill, should not be considered in a vacuum. Intended or not, implementation of the Dole star wars bill would have a far-reaching, chilling effect on the future of arms control. Often forgotten in the debate on the national missile defense is the question of whether technology is sufficiently mature enough to mandate the year 2003 as the deployment date.

 

The record of missile interceptor testing to date and in the foreseeable future is one of more failure than success. In the rush to deploy a prototype system using highly advanced and sophisticated technology by the year 2003, we will be forsaking, Mr. President, the-fly-before-you-buy principle that has served us well in recent years. Not only will we be limiting the testing and evaluation of the system in a push to field a system at an earlier and unnecessary date, we will be locking ourselves into certain technologies which may become obsolete by the year 2003.
 

[Page: S5717]

America ‘s Editors Oppose New Star Wars Plans

One of the most wasteful items (in the House defense budget) is the $4 billion earmarked to construct a missile defense system by 2003. This dubious ‘Son of Star Wars’ could wind up costing as much as $54 billion before it finally could be deployed: ‘Fort Pork Gets Reinforced,’ the Miami Herald, Miami, FL, May 20, 1996.

 

Quote from Democratic Reform News This system normally sells for sixty billion, but we’re going to let you have it for five because we like you. ... The bill would order work to start on an anti-missile system (much less grandiose than the trillion-dollar Star Wars “invisible shield” President Reagan favored) that could theoretically shoot down an intercontinental missile or two launched at our territory by a small rogue country like Libya, North Korea, Iran, Iraq, or for that matter Denmark (hey, you never know) by the year 2003.
 

Missile Defense S. 1635

The Defend America Act of 1996 Law S. 1635 sets a clear policy to deploy by the end of the year 2003, a National Missile Defense (NMD) system to provide a highly effective defense of the United States against the most probable source of ballistic missile threats in the post Cold War world limited, unauthorized or accidental ballistic missile attacks. The legislation does not establish a specific architecture for such a NMD system, but in order to meet the 2003 deployment date, the bill requires the Secretary of Defense to develop for deployment an affordable and operationally effective NMD system.

Section 3. National Missile Defense Policy Establishes U.S. missile defense policy in two areas: Deployment by the end of 2003 of an NMD system capable of providing a highly effective defense of United States territory against limited, unauthorized, or accidental ballistic missile attacks, and which will be augmented to a layered defense as larger and more sophisticated threats emerge.

Asteroid Defense

Gods of The New Millennium

by Alan Alford, p 590

Should we live in fear or in hope of our returning gods? The actions of the American government seem to indicate a perceived threat. In 1996, The Pentagon announced a plan, sponsored by the US Air Force, to save the world by deploying missiles which would intercept “asteroids” in deep space. Politicians have indicated their intent to pass legislation which would force America to deploy this missile Defense system, code named - Clementine 2 - by AD 2003.

 

Why the sudden haste? Is it part of the same hidden agenda that is attempting to place incredibly sensitive telescopes into deep space?

Crystal Laser Crystal Cultivator Russian-born physicist Natalia
Zaitseva has an emerald-green thumb. Using her fast-growth method, a tiny seed crystal is planted in a 6-foot rotating tank of potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution. In just six weeks it matures into a gargantuan, 500-pound pyramid-shaped crystal. Raw crystals of that size traditionally take up to two years to grow.

Zaitseva first developed her technique in Russia, but is now using it to help engineers build the world’s largest laser at the US $1.2 million National Ignition Facility at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in Northern California. The laser, made up of 192 beams, will be housed in a complex the length of two football fields and will be used to simulate the blast of a small-scale fusion bomb and create a pebble-sized sun as hot as the real thing.

But completion of the project by its scheduled 2003 launch date would be impossible without Zaitseva’s fast-growth method. Scientists will need more than 100 of her crystals, cut into 700 flawless slices - some measuring over a foot wide and a half-inch thick - to change the focus, direction, and wavelength of the laser beam.

SOHO

Sun scan Scientists lose contact with SOHO solar spacecraft Info beat Story U.S. and European scientists have lost contact with the SOHO spacecraft, which has been circling and studying the sun for the past two years, the European Space Agency said Friday. ESA said ground controllers lost contact with the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory at 1.16 a.m. Thursday and have been unable to re-establish contact since that time.

The satellite, a joint project of ESA and the NASA, is programmed to automatically reorient itself towards the sun when an anomaly occurs but has so far failed to do so.

ESA and NASA recently decided to extend SOHO’s mission to 2003 so it could Solar Cycle. The solar maximum was some time ago, I remember clearly, expected to reach its peak in its so called solar cycle (which is a lie) in 2000. Now read this from NASA. It supports the 2003 pole shift topic perfectly.

Explanation, September 23, 1998: As the Sun heads South, crossing the celestial equator today at 1:37 a.m. Eastern Time, Autumn begins for Earth’s Northern Hemisphere.

This Autumnal Equinox finds an increasingly active Sun steadily approaching a solar cycle maximum expected around the year 2003. The solar activity cycle is driven by a periodic winding up of the Sun’s internal magnetic field. This colorized picture is a mosaic of recent ultraviolet images from the orbiting TRACE satellite sensitive to light emitted by highly charged iron atoms.

Growing in number, the intricate structures visible are the Sun’s hot active regions with temperatures over a million degrees Fahrenheit and their associated magnetic loops. This was later returned to a solar maximum in the year 2000.

Interferometers Space Technology 3

Space Technology 3, scheduled to launch in 2003, will test technologies and flying concepts that will benefit NASA’s Origins Program, which seeks answers to the origins of our universe by studying distant stars and their planets.

By sending interferometers into space, NASA’s goal is to image extremely distant stars, and ultimately even find and image planets like Earth around other stars!

Europa

Life May Exist On Planets In Deep Space

Discovery News Brief

July 1, 1999

Life-sustaining conditions may exist on planet-like bodies in deep, interstellar space, according to a California Institute of Technology scientist. ... Lissauer points out that NASA is currently planning a year 2003 mission to Europa, one of Jupiter’s moons, which is very dark, but that has an ocean thought to be composed of H20.

“Like Stevenson’s model, life-sustaining water could exist below Europa’s surface,” says Lissauer.

Sea Launch Hughes goes for four more ocean-platform launches

CNN Interactive

June 16, 1999

Hughes Space and Communications has put in four more orders with an international venture for satellite launches from a floating platform in the equatorial Pacific Ocean, it was announced Wednesday.

 

Sea Launch Co., a partnership between Boeing Commercial Space Co. and companies in Norway, Russian and Ukraine, already had agreements for 10 launch contracts from Hughes and five others with Loral Co.

“This is a large boost in confidence from our largest customer - Hughes,” said Sea Launch spokesman Terrance Scott. “It also expands our launch manifest to 2003."

Geostationary Imaging Fourier Transform Spectrometer (GIFTS)

Mission Teaming Opportunity for Geostationary Imaging Development - NASA
Commerce Business Daily Issue

July 1, 1999 PSA # 2379

NASA / Langley Research Center

The La RC is currently conducting a study and preparing a proposal for a Geostationary Imaging Fourier Transform Spectrometer (GIFTS) mission to be operational in early 2003. The study, sponsored by NASA’s New Millennium Program (NMP), was awarded as a result of a NASA Research Announcement, NRA-98-OES-12, for New Millennium program measurement concepts.

 

The La RC is seeking team members to participate with NASA La RC in developing the proposal and implementing a mission to validate the GIFTS measurement concept and associated technologies. The NASA NMP is managed by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) to identify, flight validate, and infuse key advanced technologies and capabilities needed to enable 21st century NASA space and earth science missions.

 

The Program focuses on technology validation in a systems and subsystems approach to retire risk for the first use of such technology in a science mission. The GIFTS measurement concept will improve observation of all three basic atmospheric state variables (temperature, moisture, and wind velocity) thereby allowing much higher spatial, vertical, and temporal resolutions than is currently achievable...

ESA Rendezvous

EUROPEAN SPACE AGENCY Project

Supported by D/OPSROSETTA: ESA’s

Rendezvous Mission with a Comet ROSETTA represents ESA’s Horizon 2000 cornerstone mission No. 3 Mission Overview The ROSETTA mission is a cometary mission which will be launched in the year 2003 by Ariane 5. After a long cruise phase, the satellite will rendezvous with comet Wirtanen and orbit it, while taking scientific measurements.

 

A Surface Science Package (SSP) will be landed on the comet surface to take in-situ measurements. During the cruise phase, the satellite will be given gravity assist maneuvers once by Mars and twice by the Earth. The satellite will also take measurements in fly-bys of two asteroids.

IRIS

Astro-F (IRIS; Infrared Imaging Surveyor)

The Infrared Imaging Surveyor (IRIS) is the second infrared astronomy mission of the Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS). IRIS is dedicated to infrared sky survey with much better sensitivity than that of IRAS, and is expected to add significant information on many important astrophysical problems (e.g., evolution of galaxies, formation of stars and planets, and brown dwarfs and their relation to dark matter).

 

IRIS has a 70 cm telescope cooled to 6 K with super-fluid liquid helium and Stirling-cycle coolers. Two focal-plane instruments are installed. One is the Far-Infrared Surveyor (FIS) which will survey the entire sky in the wavelength range from 50 to 200 micron with angular resolutions of 30 - 50 arc sec. The other focal-plane instrument is the Infrared Camera (IRC).

Item ploys large-format detector arrays and will take deep images of selected sky regions in the near and mid infrared range. The field of view of the IRC is 10 arc min. and the spatial resolution is approximately 2 arc sec. IRIS was officially given a new start as the ISAS’s 21st science mission” ASTRO-F” in April 1997. It is scheduled to be launched in February, 2003 by the ISAS M-V rocket into a sun-synchronous polar orbit at an altitude of 750 km.

Nuclear Plants

Germany’s Trittin Wants Speedy Nuclear Shutdown Fox News

August 21, 1999

German Environment Minister Juergen Trittin wants to shut six nuclear power plants by 2003, the news magazine Spiegel said on Saturday. The remaining 13 nuclear reactors would be phased out by 2025, Spiegel said, citing internal documents from the Environment Ministry. The ministry declined to comment on the report.

 

German Chancellor Gerhard Schroeder’s red-green coalition has pledged to phase out nuclear power, but the pace at which the shutdown takes place has driven a wedge between Schroeder’s Social Democrats and their ecologist Greens junior coalition partners. Trittin, one of three Greens in the cabinet, is in charge of the shutdown and he wants a speedy end to nuclear power.

 

The big utilities, which include RWE AG, VEBA AG, Viag AG and Energie Baden-Wuerttemberg, have threatened to sue for damages if they lose any money because of the shutdown. Economics Minister Werner Mueller, who was formerly a senior executive in the nuclear industry, has come up with a plan to limit the operating life of nuclear plants to 35 years. Under the Mueller plan, the first German nuclear plant would go offline in 2003. Spiegel said the Environment Ministry’s calculations showed that nuclear plant operators recouped their investments within 15 to 20 years.

 

The 25-year time frame will allow the utilities to cover any losses from shutting down the plants, Spiegel reported. Nuclear power generates about one third of the country’s electricity.

Firearms Registration
Canadian registration of firearms by the year 2003, every legal firearm in Canada will be registered or recorded. That means every firearm in the possession of an individual or an organization, including museums, government departments and police, must be part of the national firearms registry ....

Launch Manifest

From: NASANews@hq.nasa.gov

Date: Wed, 25 Jun. 1997 14:53:10 -0400 (EDT)

Subj: NASA Launch Manifest is Released Msg #: 187

 

Debra J. Rahn Headquarters,

Washington, DC

June 25, 1997

(Phone: 202/358-1639)

Kyle Herring Johnson

Space Center, Houston, TX

(Phone: 281/483-5111)

 

NOTE TO EDITORS: N97-45 NASA LAUNCH MANIFEST IS RELEASED

Copies of the NASA Mixed Fleet, Payload Flight Assignments, June 1997 edition, are available from the NASA news centers or on the Internet at URL: http//www.osf.hq.nasa.gov/manifest/

 

This manifest summarizes the missions planned by NASA for the Space Shuttle and Expendable Launch Vehicles (ELVs) as of June 1997. Space Shuttle and ELV missions are shown through calendar year 2003. Space Shuttle missions for calendar years 2002-2003 are under review pending the resolution of details in the assembly sequence of the International Space Station.

Mars Express

European Space Agency

Press Information Note No 22-98

Paris, France 19 June 1998

Hurry along please, for the Mars Express Any scientists wanting to send instruments to the surface of the planet Mars have until 3 July to offer a small lander that might be carried aboard the European Space Agency mission Mars Express. The selection of a lander, if any, will then be the last stage in defining the scientific payload of Mars Express, which is intended to go into orbit around the Red Planet at the end of 2003.

 

The choice of instruments for the orbiting spacecraft was recently expressed by ESA’s Science Programme Committee. This month ESA is inviting tenders to build the spacecraft from three industrial competitors, Alenia/Aerospatiale, Dornier and Matra-Marconi, who have already studied the mission. The project must be fully defined in time for the Science Programme Committee to finally confirm Mars Express. Why the hurry?

 

The deadline is set in the form of a favourable launch opportunity just five years from now. The positions of Earth and Mars in their orbits at that time will mean that a spacecraft can reach Mars more quickly, carrying a greater weight of instruments, than from any other launch date in the next decade. A decision to proceed taken towards the end of 1998 would leave less than five years to create, test and launch a complex spacecraft and meet that deadline.

 

Most judgments about Mars Express and its instruments have therefore to be made in advance if the engineers and scientists are to make sure that everything is ready for lift-off in June 2003. For more details visit the Mars Express web site European Space Agency, Press Release No. 47-98 Paris, France 5 November 1998 Mars Express wins unanimous support All fourteen national delegations in the European Space Agency’s Science Programme Committee have backed the project to send a spacecraft to Mars in 2003.

 

Support for Mars Express, as this exciting mission is called, is qualified by concern about the long-term budget of ESA’s science programme. At its meeting in Paris on 2 and 3 November, the Science Programme Committee made its approval of the implementation of Mars Express conditional on sufficient funding for the science programme and no impact on previously approved projects. ... Development of the spacecraft will now proceed swiftly, to meet the deadline of an exceptionally favourable launch window early in 2003.

Return Flight

JPL Universe

November 13, 1998

New Mars plan targets sample return Under a new plan drafted by NASA and its French, Italian and European counterparts, the consortium of space faring nations will begin development of affordable spacecraft and innovative new technologies to obtain in-situ measurements and samples of Martian material in preparation for human exploration of the planet.

 

The plan calls for construction of a fleet of affordable launch vehicles, orbiters, landers, rovers and Mars ascent vehicles designed to wage an all-out effort to begin returning samples of the Martian regolith as early as April 2008. ...Work on the architectural redesign began in June. Eight “tiger teams” of experts from the international scientific community, led by Elachi and Dr. Frank Jordan, manager of JPL’s Mars Program Planning and Architecture Office, were formed to address issues of spacecraft design, innovative technologies and science goals for missions beginning in 2003, as well as for achieving the overall goals of the long-range Mars Surveyor Program.

 

Recommendations were presented to NASA Administrator Daniel Goldin on Sept. 24 and, subsequently, approved for implementation. ...NASA will begin the series of sample-return mission in 2003, with launch of a lander and a rover that will spend several months searching for and collecting rock and soil samples, said Dr. Daniel McCleese, chief scientist and manager of the Office of Strategy and Science Programs for JPL’s Mars Exploration Directorate. The roving vehicle will return the sample to a new, low-cost, low-mass Mars ascent vehicle. ...

European ESA Science News

Close encounter with Mars

Europe is going to Mars

June 11, 1999

The European Space Agency’s Mars Express mission has won unanimous approval. It will be the first mission Europe has sent to the red planet. The Agency’s Science Programme Committee (SPC) approved Mars Express after ESA’s Council, meeting at ministerial level in Brussels on 11 and 12 May, had agreed the level of the science budget for the next 4 years, just enough to make the mission affordable.

“Mars Express is a mission of opportunity and we felt we just had to jump in and do it. We are convinced it will produce first-rate science”, says Hans Balsiger, SPC chairman.

As well as being a first for Europe in Mars exploration, Mars Express will pioneer new, cheaper ways of doing space science missions. “With a total cost of just 150 million euros, Mars Express will be the cheapest Mars mission ever undertaken”, says Roger Bonnet, ESA’s Director of Science. Mars Express will be launched in June 2003.

 

When it arrives at the red planet six months later, it will begin to search for water and life. Seven instruments, provided by space research institutes throughout Europe, will make observations from the main spacecraft as it orbits the planet. Just before the spacecraft arrives, it will release a small lander, provided by research institutes in the UK, that will journey on to the surface to look for signs of life.

 

The lander is called Beagle 2 after the ship in which Charles Darwin sailed round the world in search of evidence supporting his theory of evolution. But just as Darwin had to raise the money for his trip, so the search is on for public and private finance for Beagle 2. “Beagle 2 is an extremely important element of the mission”, says Bonnet.

 

Europe’s space scientists have envisaged a mission to Mars for over fifteen years. But limited funding has prevented previous proposals from going ahead. The positioning of the planets in 2003, however, offers a particularly favourable passage to the red planet - an opportunity not to be missed. Mars Express will be joined by an international flotilla of spacecraft that will also be using this opportunity to work together on scientific questions and pave the way for future exploration.

 

ESA is now able to afford Mars Express because it will be built more quickly and cheaply than any other comparable mission. It will be the first of the Agency’s new flexible missions, based on maximum reuse of technology off-the-shelf and from other missions (the Rosetta cometary mission in this case).

 

Mars Express will explore the extent to which innovative working practices, now made possible by the maturity of Europe’s space industry, can cut mission costs and the time from concept to launch: a new kind of relationship with industrial partners is starting.

“We are adopting a new approach to management by delegating to Matra Marconi Space (the prime contractor) responsibility for the whole project. This means we can reduce the ESA’s management costs” says Bonnet.

Despite the knock-down price, however, the future of Mars Express has hung in the balance because of the steady erosion of ESA’s space science budget since 1995. Last November, the SPC said the mission could go ahead only if it could be afforded without affecting missions already approved, especially the FIRST infra-red observatory and the Planck mission to measure the cosmic microwave background.

 

On 19/20 May, the SPC, which has the ultimate decision over the Agency’s science missions, agreed that the level of resources allowed was just sufficient to allow Mars Express to go ahead. “To do such an ambitious mission for so little money is a challenge and we have decided to meet”, says Balsiger.

 

For more information, please contact: ESA Public Relations Division Tel : +33(0)1.53.69.7155 Fax : +33(0)1.53.69.7690

Human Exploration Mars Surveyor Program 2003 Lander Mission

NASA Commerce Business Daily Issue

June 4, 1999

PSA#2360NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center

 

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s (NASA’s) Human Exploration and Development of Space (HEDS) Enterprise solicits proposals for investigations to be carried to the surface of Mars by the MSP 2003 Lander Mission. These investigations will require instrumentation to be developed and placed on a fixed lander platform in order to address scientific investigations of the radiation environment; soil, dust, and environmental interactions; and fundamental biology. Instruments will also be solicited to demonstrate in-situ resource utilization technologies.

 

These investigations will be carried out in addition to the primary Space Science Enterprise mission objectives for Mars sample return. NASA also announces an opportunity to propose definition studies for the mission opportunities in 2005. These opportunities include lander investigations similar to the 2003 opportunity, micro missions, and a dedicated HEDS lander mission. These definition studies should address potential flight experiments for HEDS ...
 

Postponed

News Service, Cornell University

July 15, 1998

Astronomer confirms Cornell’s new role in 2001 Mars lander mission ITHACA, NY.

Cornell University’s astronomy department is working in a newly defined role on NASA’s Mars Surveyor lander mission scheduled for launch in April 2001.

 

Although the Cornell-led Athena Rover vehicle program will not be included in the mission as previously planned, “we will be doing a pretty good job of recovery” by continuing to provide most of the science for the 2001 lander, says astronomy professor Steven Squyres, the lead researcher on the project to explore and analyze part of the Martian surface.

 

Squyres confirms that because of revised budgets and time pressures NASA has postponed the Athena Rover segment of the Surveyor Mars mission from 2001, and has tentatively rescheduled it for the 2003 Mars Surveyor launch. The highly complex package consists of a suite of experiments on board a roving vehicle. In 2005, another Mars Surveyor mission has the goal of returning to Earth with Martian rock samples collected by Athena.

“Of course, it’s a little disappointing,” says Squyres about the postponement of the Athena Rover program. “But having a somewhat delayed program that is realistic is better than having an on-schedule program that isn’t going to work.” ...

The 2001 investigations will still provide valuable geology and geochemistry data, says Squyres, although the research into biological aspects will be more limited than it will be for the 2003 mission.

Space Escape

The last page of the May 1999 issue of Smart Money lists Space Adventures as selling sub orbital space travel reservations beginning in late 2002 / early 2003: Reservations are $6,000. Ticket cost is $90,000. I’m sure big money has reserved May 2003.

Start II

The White House

Current as of: September 6, 1996

Created January 26, 1996

BACKGROUND INFORMATION: START II RATIFICATION SUMMARY

START II will increase stability at significantly lower levels of nuclear weapons. Overall strategic nuclear forces will be reduced by an additional 5,000 warheads beyond the 9,000 warheads being reduced under START I.

 

The Treaty will set equal ceilings on the number of strategic nuclear weapons that can be deployed by either side. By the year 2003, each side must have reduced its total deployed strategic nuclear warheads to 3,000-3,500. Of those, none may be on MIRVed ICBMs. Thus, all MIRVed ICBMs must be eliminated from each side’s deployed forces; only ICBMs carrying a single-warhead will be allowed.

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Nuclear Weapons

From Nonproliferation data site.

         US     Russia
1945    1
1946    3            1
1947    5            2
1948    7            3
1949    9            4
1950  10            5
1951  40          15
1952  80           35
1953 200          65
1954 600          85
1955  2000    1000
1956  5000    1200
1957  8000    1400
1958 12000   1600
1959 15000   1800
1960 19000   2000
1961 22000   3000
1962 24000   4000
1963 26000   5000
1964 28000   6000
1965 32000   7000
1966 31000   8000
1967 30000   9000
1968 29000 10000
1969 28500 10000
1970 28000 12000
1971 28050 14500
1972 28100 16000
1973 28300 19000
1974 28600 21000
1975 29000 23000
1976 28000 24500
1977 27000 27000
1978 26000 30000
1979 25000 34000
1980 24000 37000
1981 23900 38500
1982 23700 40000
1983 23500 41000
1984 23200 42000
1985 23000 43000
1986 22000 42000
1987 21500 41000
1988 21000 40000
1989 20500 39000
1990 20000 38000
1991 19000 36000
1992 18000 34000
1993 17000 32000
1994 15000 28000
1995 13000 24000
1996 11000 20000
1997   9000 16000
1998   7000 12000
1999   5000   8000
2000   3500   3500
2001   2500   2500
2002   1500   1500
2003     500    500

Russian Subs

Nuclear Age Peace Foundation

1187 Coast Village Road, Box 123

Santa Barbara, CA 93108-2794

A former nuclear safety inspector in the defense ministry, Alexandra Nikitin raised public alarms over nuclear waste left in the Arctic by submarine accidents and haphazard disposal of spent reactor cores.

“If other countries ignore this, Russia will not be the only country to suffer,” he said.

When one of the retired nuclear submarines begins to leak,

“everything will go down to the sea and it will be impossible to decontaminate the ocean. It will spread throughout the international fishing areas.”

His Report warns,

“Without international cooperation and financing, a grave situation could arise which can be pictured as a Chernobyl in slow motion.” ...

As a consequence of his attempt to help solving Russia’s environmental problems, Nikitin is facing trial for high treason and disclosure of state secrets. Nikitin was arrested, jailed for 10 months and confined to St. Petersburg for the past two years.

 

Since then, he says, the secret service has stepped up its KGB-style harassment: repeatedly slashing the tires of his car, demanding film from his wife’s camera (who had taken photos of the aggressors), keeping him awake at night with continuous prank phone calls, threatening his lawyers with violence, and more.

 

Within the next few weeks, Nikitin is likely to be tried in secret by a judge and two laymen, who will be chosen by Russia’s FSB - the KGB’s successor. At this time, just over 130 nuclear powered submarines have been taken out of service and are laid up.

Eighty-eight of them belong to the Northern Fleet; fifty-two still carry nuclear fuel in the reactors. Fifteen reactor compartments have been removed from the hulls and have been prepared for storage. In all probability, around 150 nuclear submarines will be taken out of service with the Russian Navy by the year 2003.

 

Inactive Northern Fleet submarines are laid up at Gremikha, Severodvinsk, Vidyaevo (Olenya Bay, Sayda Bay and the Nerpa yards), Polyarny (Shkval), Sevmorput, Gadzhievo (Ara and Ura Bays) and Zapadnaya Litsa. The dismantling of first and second generation submarines has commenced, whilst the dismantling of third generation vessels is still in the planning stage.
 

Nuclear Wastes

CNN

March 16, 1999

The federal government could be compelled to start storing the nation’s nuclear waste in Nevada far sooner than it is now prepared to do. The White House wants to focus money and effort on constructing a permanent disposal site, and thinks the thousands of tons of spent nuclear rods should remain at their respective power plants until a repository starts collecting waste in 2010.

 

But a new bill introduced by Senate Republicans would require storing the nation’s nuclear waste at the Nevada Test Range by 2003, seven years before the White House wants to act.

Land Mines

ABC News

March 1, 1999

While pledging support for cleaning up the mines, President Clinton objects to the treaty because of tensions along the border between North and South Korea, where land mines are used in vast quantities. Clinton has set a deadline to stop using land mines outside of the Korean peninsula by 2003. CNN, February 25, 1999 “We will have destroyed all our anti-personnel landmines by the end of the year 2000 whereas the treaty sets a limit for 2003,” Berlaud told reporters. 2003, ...

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Biological Weapons

As noted by Sightings, Army To Destroy 1269 Tons Of Its Own VX Nerve Agent... In 2003

Army Plans To Open Chemical Weapons Depot For Briefing
(from AP)

NEWPORT, Indiana (AP)

Some 1,269 tons of an oily nerve agent so lethal a few ounces could kill millions sits in steel containers among the corn and soybean fields of western Indiana while the Army works on a plan to destroy it. Officials planned to open the Indiana site to the media today for the first time in four years so reporters could attend a briefing on the military’s progress and photograph the one-ton cylinders of VX nerve agent.

 

The military doesn’t expect to destroy any of the 1,269 tons of the lethal chemical weapon in Indiana until the fall of 2003, because the Army must still finish a required report on how the process may affect the environment. At the same time, the Army is preparing to search for companies capable of building a disposal facility at the Newport Chemical Depot 32 miles north of Terre Haute.

“Were preparing the package to go out for proposals for companies to bid on the facility, and were working with a team comprised of state and federal regulators to write the permit applications required under environmental laws”; said Mickey Morales, a spokeswoman for the Army in Aberdeen, Md. where deadly Mustard agent is stored.

VX is 10 times as lethal as the nerve gas Sarin used in a deadly attack in a Tokyo subway that killed 12 and injured 5,000 in 1995. The agent can be inhaled or absorbed in the skin and causes death by paralysis. VX, which has the appearance and consistency of mineral oil was developed in 1952 and produced in western Indiana during the 1960’s as a Cold War deterrent. It has never been used in combat but is listed in the Guinness Book of Records as the deadliest substance known.
 

Carry On Government
Increasingly as the year 2003 approaches, there will be sculpting of reserves in the US for not only the military but also what is termed a carry-on government. Those whose lives have been in government service cannot imagine life otherwise. As the population would be likely to swarm onto military bases, demanding to be fed, those bases that will be set aside for a government recoup will be made undesirable to the public - the storage of biological warfare components, nuclear war-heads, or armaments likely to explode during massive earthquakes.

There is no way for the public to determine which report of storage of undesirables is true or untrue, and we are not advising that this be done. In truth, all such locales, whether the story was true or not, will be undesirable. Any survivors close to such a military depot or processing center for biological weapons disposal or nuclear weapons reserves will find themselves equally distressed. If the stories are true, then they are living if living at all steeped in poison during the Aftertime.

If the stories are not true, then they are living close to former government workers and military who want to re-establish a government. The rationale is that the populace will be better off with this governance, so they are doing a service. In truth, there is nothing such a tattered remnant of a federal government could do for the populace that they could not do better for themselves. Naturally, the first thing these former government workers will be looking to do is impose taxes, and without a money base, this will be in the form of food and supplies.
 

Medicare

Medicare: your money? ... or your life!
A great debate currently rages over the Medicare Program. There is no question but that the plan will go bankrupt by 2003. And the one year increased survival that President Clinton brags about, up from 2002, is based on building an increased mortality rate into the projection tables!

 

Obviously, federal health care planners know that whatever happens, future health care in the U.S. is NOT going to stay as good as it has been up to now! Budget Deficit Facts Entitlement’s have grown rapidly. Entitlement programs combined with the government’s interest payments comprised 24 percent of our budget in 1963, in 1993 they compromised 56 percent, and if present trends continue, they will comprise 69 percent by the year 2003.

 

These projected tax rates do not show that our children are going to be taxed unmercifully; they show something worse - that our projected spending is unsustainable and that our children are being given a country that will be unable to avoid bankruptcy.

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Balanced Budget

Entitlements & Handouts: A Nation of Addicts
Imagine yourself a half million dollars in debt. You don’t have the option of declaring bankruptcy. What do you do? ... At this rate, by the year 2003, three-quarters of all federal spending will be “mandatory” - can’t cut it. Yet we’ll be much deeper in debt. So guess what’s going to happen to the other one-quarter.

Howard Phillips Interview on the nationally syndicated Ollie North Show on the Common Sense Radio Network on September 27, 1996... But here’s going to be the trigger, Ollie. We’re headed for an economic collapse of historic proportions. Last year, we paid $345 billion dollars in interest on a $5 trillion dollar debt.

Neither party is prepared to even roll back spending, even freeze spending, let alone to slash it. They talk about balancing the budget in the year 2003 and they balance it by stealing money every year from the Social Security trust fund and raising revenues, increasing the amount. The dollar has been propped up because it is the reserve currency of the world. Central banks all over the world treat the dollar as if it were almost gold.

Drug dealers in Columbia, black marketeers in Moscow, have dollars under their pillow because they like bucks better than they like rubles or pesos. But when the Euro (dollar) comes on line, if the central banks drop the dollar, all of those extra dollars the Fed has printed are coming home.

We’re going to have a massive hyper-inflationary depression and the very legitimacy of our political systems is going to be at risk. There’s going to be big change, and people are going to be looking for something new.
 

Fuel Cells
Of the nation’s 1,000 or so rural electric cooperatives to enter into a fuel-cell distribution agreement, Flint Energies expects to begin selling residential systems in 2001, at a price of about $8,500. But, like others involved in the industry, Flint predicts that price will drop to less than $4,000 by 2003.

There are several other fuel cell manufacturing companies now offering a personal alternative to keeping electricity flowing when the electrical grid is gone. Do a little research, you’ll find them.
 

Mayan Calendar
The Montel Williams show reran with a noted California psychic Sylvia Brown as the guest. It was taped January 1997. In the midst of giving predictions for 1997, she mentioned that 2000 AD actually took place nine years ago (1991?).

Therefore:

Gregorian  Mayan

1991         2000
1992         2001
1993         2002
1994         2003
1995         2004
1996         2005
1997         2006
1998         2007
1999         2008
2000         2009
2001         2010
2002         2011
2003  =  2012 AD

To summarize, 2003 AD (Gregorian calendar) translates into the Mayan calendar’s 2012 AD. Remember that the Mayan calendar ends Dec 21, 2012, completing a cycle or signalizing a catastrophic end of the world as we know it.
 

Great Pyramid Dateline

The Great Pyramid Decoded

by Peter Lemesurier

(1989), ISBN is 1-85230-088-4

It gives an accurate account of the Pyramids of Giza. It contains hundreds of engineering diagrams and perhaps thousands of measurements. Its very detailed and thoroughly researched. The author is a very open minded and educated man whose own belief concurs with the views of Erik Von Daniken and Edgar Cayce as well as many Mayan and Krishna texts. He has focused upon many aspects such as certain stones cut with ‘laser precision’ to 1000 th of an inch accuracy.

 

The main unit of measurement used by the designer is exactly 10 millionths of the Earth’s mean Polar radius. The pyramid’s design base-square has sides measuring 365.242, 365.256, and 365.259 of these same units which represent the Earth’s Solar Tropical, side real and anomalistic orbits. The series of datelines seem to chart the progress of certain aspects of human existence. Everything seems to ‘drop off the scale’ around the year 2004 (though he states there is a +/- 3 year error allowance)

 

The ‘Achievements of Civilization Line’ drops at 1911, recovers before dropping again at 1939, recovers but drops again but less dramatically in 1967 then a bit more at 1980 and then plummets at 2004. The ‘Progress of materialist Humanity’ Line stays fairly flat, just bobbing up and down a little all century until it hits 2004 and totally drops down off the scale in an instant!
 

This Is The End, My Friend The End
I shed a few quick tears for this world and on to the next. Let me now play and be presumptuous and pretentious. Congratulate yourself for whatever modifications in your thoughts that have transpired as a result of pondering this material. Now what does that voice in you say about what you’ve just read? How does it speak to you?

If you are any closer to finding your inner voice, these word relayed thoughts have served a purpose. You’re perhaps near enough to feel the heat and chills of knowing how to read the most important signpost in the Twilight Zone, YOUR HEART. Have you inquired inside yet for a reality check? Are you now ready to act on the information presented? The ONLY right answers are the ones you feel. They’re your answers aren’t they?

Some will be skeptical and without looking find confirmation everywhere they look, then prepare. Others will know it’s the truth and stay in harms way for their own perfect reasons. If this is you keep your head high and welcome whatever comes your way. Continue to respect others and set an example to possibly perish with the same dignity that you lived knowing a new existence awaits you after this life.

Others will ignore the reality, not move or prepare but will somehow survive and find out the truth after its all said and done. Some will only believe a portion. Then they will dive into the vast subject matter and be shocked to find out its all true and much more that I’ve excluded for brevity and focus. Many will ignore all and perish into nothingness.

A significant thing I have discovered is that we are not our bodies and are in some way just along for the ride. I’ve been fully conscious outside of mine a time or two only to be swiftly pulled back in. Nudging you toward your inner voice is as important or more as planet whatever.

I’m going to live, laugh and enjoy my life before, during and after the shift while helping others along the way. I’m forewarned, informed and entertained. Now that you’ve finished this book you have changed forever. A part of your mind is open now that you will not be able to shut. For some of you it will be difficult to know the reason behind many events from this point forward when loved ones around you don’t care to open their eyes to the obvious. Leaving the ones you care for may not seem like an option.

Last note: Some won’t have a clue as to how to look deep to find the truth of anything. Then suddenly next week, month or year will be doing it every moment. You’ll read situations, people and events intuitively at a glance inside. In addition to this all the while you’ll be co-creating the world you want simultaneously all around you, without giving it a second thought as to why you’ve suddenly transformed so quickly and completely.

I’m gettin in tune, right in tune, and I’m riding on you.

The word you’re looking for is Creepy.
Mulder is a fictional character.
You, Planet X and I are real.
Shake it Baby, Shake it
Ok now you shook it enough.
Go give it away.
The book! The book!
I know somebody you know needs to read this now.
Go> Go> Do it now.
Time is short.
Are you listening to me?
Danger Danger Will Robinson.

The seriousness of the situation begs for a little humor, so understand why I interject some. Ok, I’m through playing around. Here’s an interesting internet site to visit to learn more about Planet X. There are lots of sights to see and sounds to listen to. Do not expect to find the depth or focus that has been presented here. It does offer great visuals.

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