The 2006 Government Mind Control Debate

Section 7
An old scientific con game: if there is no scientific theory then there are no proven health effects

Several times in the book, Moreno dismissed the possibility of advanced mind control weapons because of the widely held belief that there is no generally accepted brain theory or worldwide consensus on how the brain works. On page 25-26 he wrote:

The process for manufacture of the atomic bomb is the classic example of science conducted in secret: the most important and highly classified scientific secret in history stayed secret only about four years, until the Soviets exploded their own device in 1949. For all the imagined and actual espionage activity around the bomb, competent physicists only had to study the published literature to get the main ideas.

Published literature contains notable EMR theories
The first counterargument to Moreno's claim is that there are notable EMR theories that form the basis for EMR mind control weapons. In 1939, a Nobel prize winner, I.I. Rabi did study the published literature and made an important discovery. Russian scientists were reporting similar EMR research at about the same time.

The December 29, 1939 New York Post article We're All Radio Stations, Columbia Scientists Reports, All Atoms, in Humans or in Steel, Found to Emit and Receive Long Waves described Rabi's discovery:

Columbus, Ohio, Dec. 29 (AP).--Every living thing on earth is a radio broadcasting and receiving set unconsciously sending out and receiving long-wave wireless messages.

Professor L L Rabi, Dr. P. Kusch and Dr. S. Millman of Columbia University told the American Association for the Advancement of Science today that all atoms, whether part of the heart tissue of man or a piece of steel, constantly emit radio waves which can be detected and measured.

Even death of an animal organism does not mean the stopping of activity, they said, since the atoms which form part of the living cell continue to emit radiation after the organism as a whole has ceased to function.

The Columbia scientists measured these radio waves from atoms for the first time and found them similar to the action of visible light, though the waves are much shorter and can be detected only by delicate apparatus. The method was used also in exact studies of the nucleus of the atom.

All nuclei of atoms and the particles which surround them spin much like a toy top. The spinning is irregular, the particles of the atoms jumping with the speed of light from one point to another. "The radio waves which we have studied are emitted when the atoms pass from one of these states to another," they said.

In their experiments, the Columbia scientists measured these radio waves with an accuracy 10,000 times better than has ever before been achieved, by shooting particles of atoms at high speed between two magnets.

Rabi is one of nine scientists described in the 1996 book The Pioneers of NMR and Magnetic Resonance in Medicine: the Story of MRI by James Mattson and Merrill Simon.

The book jacket stated,

"Rabi played a key role in propagating the "new physics" [new quantum mechanics] to his American colleagues. His 1937 discovery of magnetic resonance in molecular beams earned him the 1944 Nobel Prize in physics for his resonance method or radiofrequency spectroscopy."

In 1926, V.I. Vernadskii, called the father of the Soviet Bomb stated:

Only a few of the invisible radiations are known to us at presently. We have hardly begun to realize their diversity and the scrappy nature and inadequacy of our knowledge of the radiations which surround us and pass through us in the biosphere, and to understand their basic roles in the processes going on around us, a role which is difficult to comprehend by minds accustomed to other conceptions of the universe."

"We are surrounded and penetrated, at all times and in all places, by eternally changing, combining and opposing radiations of different wavelengths-from ten millionths of a millimeter to several kilometers.

A.G. Gurvich, founder of a leading Soviet school of biophysics was conducting EMR research in Russia in 1920s and 30s. Vernadsky worked with Gurvich. Vernadsky quotes were used in Russian scientific journals. A famous Russian military slogan based on Vernadsky's work was "He who controls the entire electromagnetic spectrum will dominate the world."

Rabi was chairman of the original Science Advisory Committee from 1953 to 1957 and a member of the Presidential Scientific Advisory Committee (PSAC) until 1968. He was assistant director of the MIT radar lab and worked on classified radar research during WWII.

An article by Allan A. Needell entitled I.I. Rabi, Lloyd V. Berkner and the American Rehabilitation of European Science, 1945-1954 stated:

"Following the war, Rabi, with J. Robert Oppenheimer, was among the most influential participants in the debate over the control of postwar American atomic energy policy."

The article continued:

[Rabi was] chairman of the "Scientific Adviser to the Policy Council" of the Pentagon's Joint Research and Development Board (JRDB). Among its duties was to advise the service secretaries (after 1948 the secretary of defense) on issues of long-term planning as well as the implications of scientific and technological advances for military strategy." The advisers assisted the founders of the Central Intelligence Group (forerunner of the CIA) in staffing a scientific intelligence branch.

The scientists in the 1940s up to the present have been strategizing on national security. Top US scientists from the 1940s were monitoring scientific discoveries and no doubt knew of Russian developments of EMR technology.

Needell's article continued:

In January 1949 President Truman formally approved National Security Council Intelligence Directive 10 (NSCID), which assigned to the Department of State "primary responsibility for the collection abroad for all government agencies of information in the basic sciences."

Lloyd Berkner was named to direct a detailed study of science-related organization in 1949. Berkner began a survey of the "International Flow of Scientific Information" and enlisted the National Academy of Sciences (to which he had recently been elected) and its government service arm, the National Research Council.

Berkner appointed Rabi to an advisory committee. Detlev Bronk selected Rabi to serve on the National Research Council Committee (NRC). "The NRC committee quickly endorsed establishing and staffing science missions in major foreign embassies throughout the world."

Needell continued:

The Berkner Report was devoted to advance American national security interests. Berkner remarked in 1950 that " while the unclassified portion [of the recent report] has been designed to stand alone, it should be considered as a cover for the classified section. Although the secret section to which he referred cannot be located in State Department files, Berkner hints that science could be profitably tapped to accomplish the political goals of the United States and that "according to his proposal, the State Department would have a [scientifically knowledgeable] 'staff' or a monitoring function in relation to [our] diverse interests.

Berkner explained, he meant that, while traveling, scientists could be briefed prior to their departure and debriefed upon their return. "The debriefing," he emphasized, "should be handled carefully by scientists in such a way as not to suggest that the information is to be used merely in the nationalistic sense.

Needell's article concluded that:

Berkner and Rabi remained close associates on matters of national security for years to come. Each contributed to important studies for national security agencies. Instead, many scientists became concerned with promoting their influence within the U.S. government and, more generally, building an institutional framework for cooperation between government and outside experts. More fundamental was the deep commitment of American scientists to working, often in secret, for the government.

The renown physicist Freeman Dyson, described a general mind control scientific theory for decades into the future. The theory also contained the basic ideas put forth by I.I. Rabi. Dyson was a member of the JASONs, a high-level group of physicists, whose advice is usually classified and routinely sought by the Department of Defense. Dyson explained that his theory is not science fiction.

He wrote,

"there is no law of physics that declares that such an observational tool [to transmit reports of neural events to receivers outside] to be impossible."

This raises doubts about Moreno's unwavering conclusion.

Dyson commented in an article in the April 25, 1997 International Herald Tribune Book Review, Imagined Worlds, by Rudy Rucker:

"After the organization of the central nervous system has been explored and understood, the way will be open to develop and use the technology of electromagnetic brain signals."

Dyson described his mind control theory in the 1997 book, Imagined Worlds:

... The chief barrier to progress in neurophysiology is the lack of observational tools. To understand in depth what is going on in the brain, we need tools that can fit inside or between the neurons and transmit reports of neural events to receivers outside.... observing instruments... with rapid response, high band-width and high spacial resolution... There is no law of physics that declares that such an observational tool to be impossible.

We know that high-frequency electromagnetic signals can be propagated through brain tissue for distances of the order of centimeters. We know that microscopic generators and receivers of electromagnetic radiation are possible.

We know that modern digital data-handling technology is capable of recording and analyzing the signals emerging from millions of tiny transmitters simultaneously. All that is lacking in order to transform these possibilities into an effective observational tool is the neurological equivalent of integrated-circuit technology. We need a technology that allows us to build and deploy large arrays of small transmitters inside a living brain, just as integrated-circuit technology allows us to build large arrays of small transistors on a chip of silicon.

...Radioneurology is in principle only an extension of the existing technology of magnetic resonance imaging, which also used radio-frequency magnetic fields to observe neural structures. A rough estimate based on the available band-width indicates that a million transmitters could be monitored through each patch of brain surface with size equal to the radio wave-length.

This article described EMR mind reading and injecting thoughts via EMR signals as "grounded in current science." This research was funded by intelligence agencies and NASA and portions of the research were classified as secret by the U.S. government. The research was based on Rabi and Dyson's general theories. The details of an EMR mind control theory are almost certainly classified, an option that Moreno did not write about.

U.S. News and World Report, January, 3 2000, John Norseen, Reading and changing your mind:

[Lockheed Martin neuroengineer in Intelligent Systems Division] Norseen's interest in the brain stems from a Soviet book he read in the mid-1980s, claiming that research on the mind would revolutionize the military and society at large. [He] coined the term "Biofusion" to cover his plans to map and manipulate [the brain] leading to advances in... national security... and... would be able to convert thoughts into computer commands by deciphering the brain's electrical activity. BioFusion would reveal the fingerprints of the brain by using mathematical models,... It sounds crazy,...

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA),... have all awarded.... research contracts to Norseen. Norseen is waiting to hear if the second stage of these contracts-portions of them classified- comes through. Norseen's theories are grounded in current science.... By MRI, scientists can tell what the person was doing at the time of the recording.... Emotions from love to hate can be recognized from the brain's electrical activity....

Norseen predicts profiling by brain print will be in place by 2005.... Norseen would like to draw upon Russian brain-mimicking software and American brain -mapping breakthroughs to allow that communication to take place in a less invasive way. A modified helmet could record a pilot's brainwaves.

"When you say right 090 degrees... the computer would see that electrical pattern in the brain and turn the plane 090 degrees. If the pilot misheard instructions to turn 090 degrees and was thinking "080 degrees," the helmet would detect the error, then inject the right number via electromagnetic waves."

'No scientific evidence' equals no problem exists

There is a second counterargument to Moreno’s claim of no consensus on a theory for EMR mind control weapons. Moreno's claim is a widely-held belief and is also an old scientific tactic used for example, by tobacco companies to suppress known health effects linked to smoking for decades in order to maintain their profits and avoid lawsuits.

Tobacco companies claimed for years that there was no direct cause and effect evidence and no theory on which to base claims by doctors of observed serious health problems found in their smoking patients. Tobacco companies made huge profits while denying for decades that smoking was linked to cancer deaths or was addictive.

Moreno and the public were fooled by experts with an agenda who put forth this often used but inaccurate scientific argument. Contrary to the tobacco company claims, a scientific theory is not essential for making scientific discoveries. Empirical scientific research is the well accepted scientific method of relying or basing a new discovery or finding solely on experiment and observation rather than theory. EMR weapons could be developed without a scientific theory, using the empirical method of research. In addition tobacco companies withheld scientific research that supported the link between smoking and health effects and addiction.

Another example of this effective scientific tactic is the analogy to atomic bomb scientists who controlled the scientific information, and suppressed and denied known health risks from ionizing radiation. Most radiation victims who were exposed to radiation from atomic bomb tests lost their legal battle based on the systematic and egregious lying by government science experts.

Government scientists denied health effects from ionizing radiation, claiming a lack of scientific proof for a causal connection to alleged ill health effects while the government suppressed or classified government documents that proved otherwise. This scientific tactic was very successful.

In the 1994 book Myths of August: A Personal Exploration of Our Tragic Cold War Affair with the Atom, Stewart Udall described his unsuccessful legal battles with the U.S. government over scientific evidence and classified government documents.

Publisher's Weekly stated:

Above-ground nuclear bomb tests in Nevada after WW II made human guinea pigs of civilians living downwind in several western states, as later revealed by thousands of cases of radiation-induced cancer, childhood leukemia, burns and birth defects.

In an expose of the government's decades-long policy of public deception concerning the hazards of radiation, Udall, secretary of the interior under JFK and LBJ and a former congressman from Arizona, condemns the U.S. nuclear testing program as a violation of the Nuremberg Code. He also describes his protracted struggle as a lawyer, beginning in 1979, representing the widows of Navajo uranium miners who developed cancer.

Contrary to U.S. government claims or to tobacco company claims, a scientific theory is not essential for making scientific findings or discoveries. One final example, the U.S. military withheld information about possible links between Agent Orange and birth defects, and downplayed the defoliant's link to cancer. This was reported in the Sacramento Bee November 1, 1998, page A4. There are many more examples.

Advanced EMR weapons could be developed and the theory could be classified. In addition, advanced EMR weapons could be developed without a known scientific theory, using the empirical method of scientific research.

The continuous discovery and subsequent classifying of mind reading and EMR weapons
In addition there is strong evidence of classified government mind control programs that could be advanced. According to a 1976 Los Angeles Times article, mind reading has been a classified technology for over thirty years. Since the 1970s, whenever mind reading technology is developed and published in unclassified science literature, the research is subsequently classified by intelligence agencies.

The March 29th 1976 Los Angeles Times article, Mind Reading Machine Tells Secrets of the Brain Sci-Fi Comes True by Norman Kempster reported:

... Since 1973, a little-known Pentagon agency has been studying ways to plug a computer into an individual's bran waves or electroencephalograph (EEG) signals in the scientist's lexicon. The Advanced Research Projects Agency says the $1 million-a-year program has passed its initial laboratory tests and is ready for determination of its military uses....

Other applications of the EEG may come much sooner. It may be only a matter of time before the machines will be able to read a person's brain waves to determine just what he is thinking... George H. Heilmeier, director of the research agency, dropped tantalizing hints about the EEG program in his annual report to Congress. Although he has provided few details, enough has been said about the program to raise some questions.

For example, could these systems be used to read the minds of prisoners of war or to pick the brains of unsuspecting American citizens. Highly unlikely, agency scientists say. For one thing, the EEG must be individually calibrated. Brain-wave graphs mean different things for different persons. So it is necessary to obtain a baseline graph by having each individual think a specific series of thoughts. "It is quick and easy to make the calibration but it must be done for each individual." one scientist explained. Besides, under present programs, it is necessary to place electrodes on the individual's head. It does not hurt but it could scarcely be done secretly.

At MIT, however, scientists are studying magnetic brain waves that can produce graphs much like the electrical brain waves now being measured. Scientists for the research agency say it may be possible to pick up magnetic waves a foot or two from the subject's head, perhaps by placing a receiver in the back of a chair. Could these waves be projected over distances greater than a few feet? "We are now talking about a foot or several feet," one scientist said. "But the research agency has a pretty good idea of what it could be doing in the 1980s...."

This 2001 mind reading research was subsequently classified. In an October 2001 Signal Magazine article, Decoding Minds, Foiling Adversaries, John Norseen of Lockheed Martin Aeronautics Company declared,

“We are at the point where this database has been developed enough that we can use a single electrode or something like an airport security system where there is a dome above our head to get enough information that we can know the number you’re thinking, ...”

In the December 9, 2001, New York Times article, The Year in Ideas: A TO Z.; The Lie Detector That Scans Your Brain, Clive Thompson reported:

John Norseen, a scientist with Lockheed Martin, is often able to discern when subjects are thinking of particular numbers. He predicts that by 2005, brain mappers will be able to automatically scan the skulls of everyone going through airports to search for potential hijackers.... But after the Sept. 11 attacks, the FBI and CIA are taking a closer look at brain mapping. And the Department of Defense is helping finance Norseen's research.

The November 12, 2000 Pittsburgh Post-Gazette (Pennsylvania) article, Lecture on Brain Mapping Scheduled for Wednesday by Dave Zuchowski, reported that Norseen can actually demonstrate the technology. This is important because many claims of mind control technology are overblown and never pan out.

The article stated:

"During his lecture, Norseen plans to demonstrate some of his research by engaging the audience in experiments. For instance, he'll ask someone from the audience to close their eyes and think of a number. By looking at the mathematical display that's produced, he should be able to tell what the number is."

Successful demonstrations of EMR bioeffects
Here is an example of a theoretically proven mind control weapon that was demonstrated on the 1998 Learning Channel TV program, Ultrascience III, Spies Are Us, Beyond Productions. Dr. James Lin, "a world authority on microwave hearing" demonstrated the phenomena of microwave hearing. Pulses of microwaves are generated behind Dr. Lin and are absorbed by his brain and picked up by Dr. Lin's hearing mechanisms in his head.

Dr. Lin stated that he could hear the microwave pulses, while no one outside the beam can hear the microwave pulses. Professor Lin stated it is possible, theoretically possible that one could embed or encode a message on a microwave signal in order to communicate via microwave hearing.

Here is another actual demonstration proven on animals. The November 1985, CNN news broadcast, Special Assignment, Weapons of War, Is there an RF Gap? by Chuck DeCaro. Dr. Ross Adey discussed a demonstration of the 1950s Russian Lida machine, which used electromagnetic energy to put Russian psychiatric patients to sleep, as a substitute for tranquilizers and to treat neurotic disturbances. Adey stated that it worked on cats and dogs and put them to sleep.

The Defense and Foreign Affairs Daily, Jun 7, 1983, Vol. XII, Number 104, Psy-War:

Soviet Device Experiment by Dr. Stefan Possony reported:

"... Dr. Ross Adey, chief of research at Loma Linda... started testing the machine [the Lida]... the device is on loan to Dr. Ross Adey.

"The machine is technically described as a distant pulse treatment apparatus. It generates 40 megahertz radiowaves which stimulate the brain's electromagnetic activity at substantially lower frequencies."

CNN news broadcast, Special Assignment by Chuck DeCaro, Weapons of War, Is there an RF Gap?, November 1985. This program featured a demonstration of EMR weapons effects on humans. Dr. Bill van Bise, electrical engineer, conducted a demonstration of Soviet scientific data and schematics for beaming a magnetic field into the brain to cause visual hallucinations. The demonstration on reporter Chuck DeCaro was successful.

Dr. van Bise stated,

"In three weeks, I could put together a device [weapon] that would take care of a whole town." Reporter Chuck DeCaro was blindfolded and his ears were blocked for sound in an experiment using Soviet specifications for equipment capable of generating specific but very weak magnetic signals designed to cause visual 'hallucinations'. DeCaro stated, "A parabola just went by.... I could see wave forms changing shape as they went by."

Some EMR expert scientists, including Dr. Becker who appeared in the 1985 CNN news broadcast , have reported consequences for speaking out on the EMR technologies. For example, while the military denied nonthermal bioeffects of EMR during the Cold War, Becker disagreed and described his 1970s loss of government funding for nonthermal EMR bioeffect research in his 1990 book entitled, Crosscurrents, Perils of Electropollution.

Eldon Byrd also appeared in the 1985 CNN news broadcast and reported that his unclassified EMR government research was subsequently classified. Byrd was quoted in the US News and World Report, July 7th 1997, Wonder Weapons, The Pentagon's Quest for Nonlethal Arms is Amazing. But is it Smart? by Douglas Pasternak.

Here is the complete quote on page 45-46;

Low-frequency sleep

From 1980 to 1983, a man named Eldon Byrd ran the Marine Corps Nonlethal Electromagnetic Weapons Project. He conducted most of his research at the Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute in Bethesda, Md. "We were looking at electrical activity in the brain and how to influence it," he says. Byrd, a specialist in medical engineering and bioeffects, funded small research projects, including a paper on vortex weapons by Obolensky. He conducted experiments on animals-and even on himself-to see if brain waves would move into sync with waves impinging on them from the outside. (he found that they would, but the effect was short lived.)

By using very low frequency electromagnetic radiation-the waves way below radio frequencies on the electromagnetic spectrum-he found he could induce the brain to release behavior-regulating chemicals.

"We could put animals into a stupor," he says, by hitting them with these frequencies. "we got chick brains-in vitro-to dump 80 percent of the natural opiods in their brains," Byrd says.

He even ran a small project that used magnetic fields to cause certain brain cells in rats to release histamine. In humans, this would cause instant flulike symptoms and produce nausea.

"These fields were extremely weak. They were undetectable," says Byrd. "The effects were nonlethal and reversible. You could disable a person temporarily," Byrd hypothesizes. "It [would have been] like a stun gun."

Byrd never tested any of his hardware in the field, and his program, scheduled for four years, apparently was closed down after two, he says. "The work was really outstanding," he grumbles. "We would have had a weapon in one year." Byrd says he was told his work would be unclassified, "unless it works." Because it worked, he suspects that the program "went black."

Other scientists tell similar tales of research on electromagnetic radiation turning top secret once successful results were achieved. There are clues that such work is continuing. In 1995, the annual meeting of four-star US Air Force generals-called -CORONA-reviewed more than 1,000 potential projects. One was called 'Put the Enemy to Sleep/Keep the Enemy/From Sleeping.' It called for exploring 'acoustics,' 'microwaves,' and 'brain-wave manipulation' to alter sleep patterns. It was one of only three projects approved for initial investigation.

Moreno and others believe the lack of theories and deployment of EMR weapons is proof that there are no advanced mind control weapons. But the above general theories, the continuous discovery and subsequent classifying of mind reading and EMR weapons, and the successful demonstrations of EMR bioeffects research are indications of successful EMR research and weapons. The indications taken together and covering a fifty year time period are arguably a strong indication of advanced government EMR mind control weapons and that EMR mind control weapons theory will remain classified.

Now there is new military interest in EMR nonthermal bioeffects weapons research. This article clearly supports that EMR weapons are scientifically feasible, are likely successful and do work, contrary to numerous official government statements. The Russian research described below would indicate that the U.S., for national security reasons, would also have to develop EMR weapons.

November 24, 2006, Defense Tech Directed Energy, US Bioelectromagnetic Weapons Research by David Hambling, posted at www.defensetech.org.

Could new weapons stun or paralyze with a beam of radio energy? I have discussed proposals for 'bioelectromagnetic weaponry' in Defense Tech before, here and here, but for the first time details are emerging of Air Force-sponsored work in this field. This report, entitled Interdisciplinary research project to explore the potential for developing non- lethal weapons based on radiofrequency/microwave bioeffects -- states their goal:

Our research is to lay the foundation for developing non-lethal stunning/immobilizing weaponry based on radiofrequency (RF)/microwave(MW) radiation by identifying RF/MW parameters potentially capable of selectively altering exocytosis, the process underlying neurotransmitter release and hence nervous system functioning.

...The researchers at the University of Nevada have concluded that non-thermal effects of RF do exist and may be harnessed. In an abstract here (on page 317)- a study of Non-Thermal effects of RF Radiation on Exocytosis - states "The effects of RF exposure on catecholamine release that have been observed to date cannot be explained by an increase in temperature."

And there's more. Other work by the same team, is described here.

It will also support a DEPSCoR- funded program that extends those studies to include microwave frequencies and to explore the effect of pulsed and CW RE/microwave exposure on skeletal muscle contractility.

The suggestion is that a correctly tuned beam of microwaves (possibly pulsed or modulated) would be able to interefere with skeletal muscles. This might ultimately give a means of producing the same sort of non-lethal effects as a Taser -- but potentially from much greater range and over a wide area.

So far, the work has been entirely on 'in vitro' cell samples in the laboratory, and only modest alterations in cell function have been produced. This is a very long way from being able to actually influence a living creature. Any suggestion that this sort of weapon has already been fielded by the US should be treated with skepticism....

Everything is in very early stages in the US program. But, as I mentioned a while back, the Russians have been looking at this technology for years. Dr. Vitaly N. Makukhin of the Trymas Center in Moscow has published papers on "Electronic equipment for complex influence on biological objects" which he claims can produce effects including "disorder of the autonomic nervous system."

Few people have taken him seriously in the West before. Now that the same sort of effects are being confirmed in US labs, perhaps we will start taking more of an interest in what this type of weapon may be able to do.

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Section 8
EMR mind control weapons more powerful than the atomic bomb

Moreno doesn't put any weight into the evidence that nations would go to great lengths to develop mind control weapons. Gregg Herken, Smithsonian curator is representative of the numerous comments about the ultimate power and impact of future government mind control weapons.

This is rhetoric but it provides a glimpse of what nations want for future weapons. Herken reviewed a book about the supersecret U.S. NRO or National Reconnaissance Office, an intelligence directorate for satellites.

In the April 6, 2003 Boston Globe book review of Secret Empire: Eisenhower, the CIA, and the Hidden Story of America’s Space Espionage by Philip Taubman, New York Times editor, Herken wrote:

... Despite the faults and failures that Taubman cites, it is difficult to imagine how the United States will become less reliant upon its eyes-and ears-in-the-sky. Instead, The NRO’s wizards in Chantilly, VA., are no doubt looking forward to the day when they will have the ultimate in technical collection capability: a satellite that can see into the mind of the likes of Saddam Hussein or Osama bin Laden.

The Nature reviewer of Moreno's book wrote;

"Partly because its activities are more visible, Moreno focuses especially on the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), which supports unclassified academic research with potential military applications. DARPA has a distinguished record of supporting innovation, including the Internet, so its involvement in brain research must be taken seriously.”

Moreno failed to mention the following DARPA research. This DARPA scientist compared weapons that can control the mind as better than the atomic bomb. The scientist further stated that "you can get into the brain with microwaves" and he discussed Soviet EMR bioeffects research as a serious threat to the U.S.

A freedom of information act request for further information was still being processed over three years later. In the May 22, 1988 Washington AP, article entitled, Looking at The Moscow Signal, the Zapping of an Embassy 35 years later, The Mystery Lingers, Barton Reppert reported:

[Richard S.] Cesaro, [deputy director for advanced sensors at the Pentagon's Advanced Research Projects Agency] helped run the classified [1960s] Project Pandora, in which monkeys were exposed to a 'synthetic Moscow signal' in a laboratory at Walter Reed Army Institute of Research.

... Cesaro, in an interview prior to his death two years ago, contended that "in our experiments we did some remarkable things. And there was no question in my mind that you can get into the brain with microwaves."

Arguing that the Soviet bloc's investment of funds, personnel and laboratory facilities in research on non-ionizing radiation bioeffects has far outstripped the West's, he said,

"I look at it as still a major, serious, unsettled threat to the security of the United States,... If you really make the breakthrough, you've got something better than any bomb ever built, because when you finally come down the line you're talking about controlling people's minds,"

Robert Oppenheimer, the scientist who developed the atomic bomb, spoke about the terrifying power of mind control, even more powerful than the atomic bomb. In The American Psychologist Analogy in Science, Oppenheimer wrote of a paper he presented to the American Psychological Association, San Francisco, CA on September 4, 1955.

Oppenheimer stated:

There are other ways in which we are brothers. In the last ten years the physicists have been extraordinarily noisy about the immense powers which, largely through their efforts, but through other efforts as well, have come into the possession of man, powers notably and strikingly for very large-scale and dreadful destruction.

We have spoken of our responsibilities and of our obligations to society in terms that sound to me very provincial, because the psychologist can hardly do anything without realizing that for him the acquisition of knowledge opens up the most terrifying prospects of controlling what people do and how they think and how they behave and how they feel.

This is true for all of you who are engaged in practice, and as the corpus of psychology gains in certitude, and subtlety and skill, I can see that the physicist's plea is that what he discovers be used with humanity and be used wisely will seem rather trivial compared to those pleas which you will have to make and for which you will have to be responsible.

Back to Contents

Section 9
Technological obstacles can be overcome

Moreno discussed another widely-held belief that enormous technological obstacles prevent current development of mind control or mind reading capabilities and also human surveillance.

As with the Manhattan project and the government project to put a man on the moon, scientific breakthroughs can be achieved with Apollo-like government programs. There are no known technologies for the ability to record brain activity at a distance and with high precision or the ability to alter it at a distance, again with high precision. But thought reading capabilities from a distance of several feet and EMR weapons targeting capabilities at battlefield distances were reported in the 1976 Los Angeles Times article, previously cited and the 1990 International Review of the Red Cross article below.

The 1980s article cited below on EMR warfare described general technical details for remote targeting and sensing of soldiers at battlefield distances. Remote sensing of humans is a 2003 goal of U.S. Special Operations Command. This is one of the rare times this goal has been cited in a government document. The existence of the National Reconnaissance Office, known as the NRO was classified since 1961 and only became public knowledge in the 1992. Although extremely difficult to imagine, a Manhattan mind control project is within the realm of possibilities.

In the November 1, 1990, International Review of the Red Cross The Development of New Antipersonnel Weapons, Louise Doswald-Beck and Gerald C. Cauderay explain how an antenna system to remotely target a soldier at battlefield distances with EMR weapons would work.

However it is important to mention that the lethal or incapacitating effects which can be expected from weapon systems using this technology can be produce with much lower energy levels. Using the principle of magnetic field concentration, which permits the control of the geometry on the target, by means of antenna systems especially designed for the purpose, the radiated energy can be concentrated on very small surfaces of the human body, for example the base of the brain where relatively low energy can produce lethal effects.

... Research work has also revealed that pathological effects close to those induced by highly toxic substances could be produced by electromagnetic radiation even at very low power, especially those using a pulse shape containing a large number of different frequencies.

... Some research seems to have confirmed that low-level electromagnetic fields, modulated to be similar to normal brainwaves, could seriously affect brain function. Experiments with pulsed magnetic fields carried out in animals have reportedly produced specific effects such as inducing sleep and triggering anxiety or aggressiveness, depending on the modulation of the frequency used.

It is, on the other hand, well known that lethal effects can also be produced by using higher power levels than those used for the experiments on behavior modification. An anti-personnel weapon based on such biophysical principles could produce similar effects to those of a nerve gas, but would have no secondary effects and leave no lasting trace.

Not surprisingly, scientific theories, let alone technical details on transmitting and detecting human electromagnetic radiation signals are hard to find. It is known in the open literature that remote transmitting and detecting of human signals are not science fiction. Zhijun Wei, a UC Davis electrical engineering student evaluated this 1988 German think tank article on battlefield use of antipersonnel EMR weapons.

Wei concluded:

"In order to have enough energy to reach the target, high power sources and highly directional antenna are key technologies. The weapons described below are possible and provide a glimpse of what future warfare may be like."

The 1988, Executive Intelligence Review Special Report, Electromagnetic-Effect Weapons: The Technology and the Strategic Implications, editor, Michael Liebig, EIR News Service Inc., 317 Pennsylvania Ave. S.E., 2nd Floor, Washington, DC 20003 Page 14-17:

Holography and Electromagnetic Warfare

As our discussion of biological effects already indicated, electromagnetic anti-personnel weapons depend essentially on "tuning" the output signal to the target. This goes not only for the frequency and amplitude of the signal, but for its entire space-time "shape." Figure 6, for example, is drawn from thermographs of models of the human body irradiated by RF radiation of the same frequency, but with field geometries.

These and other experiments demonstrate that the areas of maximum absorption of electromagnetic energy inside the body depend on the geometry of the incident wave. By choosing the right geometry, the energy can be focused into any desired area, such as the brain. A sophisticated EP Weapon must thus be able to project a specific geometry of electromagnetic field onto a distant object, over a given terrain and in given surroundings. Without going into technical details of waveguides and various antenna types, we shall briefly present one of the relevant techniques: the principle of the phased array.

A phased-array antenna consists of an assemblage of many individually controlled emitting (or receiving) elements, placed in a fixed geometrical arrangement. The output field of the array is the sum of the waves emitted by the individual elements.

By electronically controlling the relative phases of these individual signals, the output field can be given any desired "shape" and direction, limited only by the wavelength used, the number of elements and the size of the array. The huge Soviet ABM radar at Krasnoyarsk, for example, contains an 83 meter diameter phased array of thousands of elements.

The output can consist of a single, very narrow beam, or hundreds of independently directed beams, all depending on the "phasing" of the elements. This radar can track large numbers of missiles simultaneously, without any mechanical motion of the antenna.

The functioning of phased-array antennae is thus closely related to holography, or three-dimensional photography. In a hologram, photographic plate records interference patterns, corresponding to the phase relationships of laser light reflected from the object. When the holographic plate is illuminated by a laser, the phase relationships are "reconstituted" and the viewer has the impression of seeing a three dimensional object.

The ensemble of elements of a phased-array antenna takes the place of the holographic plate, but at a much longer wavelength than visible light (centimeters and millimeters instead of fractions of a micrometer).

"When operated in a receiving mode, the phased array obtains much more information than an ordinary antenna; like the hologram, it measures entire electromagnetic field geometries, not merely a one dimensional 'signal.'"

The holographic principle underlying phased-array systems points to a potentiality for treating any desired three-dimensional, electromagnetic field distribution around a target object, from a distance, correcting for reflections, obstacles and other interference.

Moreover, the field can be transformed and shifted from one location to another in space within a fraction of a second. Thus, an ideal EP-weapon could attack many individual targets, simultaneously or in rapid succession. One or more phased arrays would be used in receiving and transmitting modes to "lock-on" to selected targets, and determine the necessary geometry of the attack pulses.

To fully exploit such potentialities, the weapon would require for its target-acquisition and beam-control systems, sophisticated high-speed computers, able to perform complex computations of the "inverse-scattering" type. Miniaturized systems of this sort are well within the reach of "fifth generation" computer technology. "Hybrid" digital 7analog systems would be simpler, smaller, and faster still. There is much overlap in requirements between EP weapons and systems developed for strategic defense (SDI).

Remote sensing of humans was described in the May 1, 2003, National Defense No. 594, Vol. 87 article, Special operators seeking a technological advantage, U.S. Special Operations Command by Harold Kennedy:

The U.S. Special Operations Command is looking for 'leap-ahead' technologies that can give its troops a decided advantage over their adversaries in wars such as those in Iraq and Afghanistan.

... Signature reduction. Technologies must enable significant reductions in the signatures of the special operator and his equipment, including air, land and sea-based platforms,...

Signatures are distinctive patterns or characteristics by which something can be recognized. They can involve visual, aural, olfactory, seismic, electromagnetic, laser, infrared or radio frequency signals. Projects underway include a vehicle camouflage system; a small, versatile, maritime mobility craft, and active noise cancellation.

... Remote sensing. Sensors must be capable of detecting electronic transmission, seismic, acoustical, infrared, electro-optic, electromagnetic and radio frequency signatures--the physical presence--of target individuals and groups, ...

This 2004 government document entitled Controlled Effects, Scientists explore the future of controlled effects was cited in full in Section 5. It provided a description of remote human targeting of “Controlled Personnel Effects” anywhere in the world via satellite in the near future. This USAF "Controlled Personnel Effects" is a military description of EMR weapons and implementation that sounds like science fiction but is not. The research has already begun.

The document stated:

"With the advent of directed energy and other revolutionary technologies, the ability to instantaneously project very precise amounts of various types of energy anywhere in the world can become a reality."

Since the 1940s, remote sensing has been among the deepest secrets of the nation. The scientific theories behind human surveillance could be advanced and not known to those in the unclassified academic communities. In a fascinating account, Dr. John Cloud explained how the highest levels of secret satellite research was carried out with the intent of remaining secret forever.

The article described 1950s CIA satellite programs conducted with unaccountable funds of the director of Central Intelligence and the most secret classifications in the US government. Cartography and Geographic Information Science, Vol. 29, No.3 2002, 'American Cartographic Transformations during the Cold War' by John Cloud:

... Through several decades of "black" programs, the CIA devised a methodology for developing overhead imagery sensors and their allied technologies. "Black" programs encompass many endeavors, but for this discussion the important point is that CIA imagery acquisition programs involved small numbers of sole-source contractors cleared into top-secret codeword compartmentalized security domains and paid in unaccountable funds issued directly from the Directorate of Central Intelligence (DCI).

The model began in the early 1950s with the Genetrix program, which used experimental high-altitude reconnaissance cameras mounted in stratospheric balloons. Then came project Aquatone, better known as the U-2, the first in a series of high performance, high-altitude reconnaissance planes built in the middle 1950s. The imagery associated with these sensor platforms was ordered under some of the most restricted security protocols ever devised - a set of protocols originally called Talent.

Satellite surveillance is known to be one of the deepest secrets of the nation. From 1961 to 1992, the existence of the National Reconnaissance Office (NRO) was a highly classified secret. Thirty years later, a few details have been revealed with rhetoric such as setting a goal of "intelligence capabilities unimaginable just a few years ago."

Here is a National Security Archive, Electronic Briefing Book, No. 35 at http://www2.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB35/

The NRO Declassified.

In September 1992 the Department of Defense acknowledged the existence of the National Reconnaissance Office (NRO), an agency established in 1961 to manage the development and operation of the nation's reconnaissance satellite systems. The creation of the NRO was the result of a number of factors.

... Defining the Future of the NRO for the 21st Century, Final Report, Executive Summary August 26, 1996 Unclassified 30 pp.

This report was apparently the first major outside review of the NRO conducted during the Clinton administration, and the first conducted after the NRO's transformation to an overt institution and its restructuring were firmly in place. Among those conducting the review were former Vice Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, Adm. David E. Jeremiah, former NRO director Martin Faga, and former Deputy Director of Central Intelligence John McMahon....

The panel concluded that where the NRO's current mission is 'worldwide intelligence,' its future mission should be 'global information superiority,' which "demands intelligence capabilities unimaginable just a few years ago." The panel also recommended creation of a fourth NRO directorate, which was subsequently established, to focus solely on the development of advanced systems, in order to "increase the visibility and stature of technology innovation in the NRO."

Moreno's conclusion that there are no advanced mind control weapons seems overstated given the known science literature and the great secrecy surrounding mind control weapons and human surveillance.

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Section 10
The government cover story:

if there are no proven EMR bioeffects then there are no EMR weapons

Moreno only superficially examined Cold War Russian mind control weapons and claims. On page 75, Moreno wrote a benign and open-ended description of Russian mind control programs:

“Since the 1970s, there have been reports about Soviet and Chinese interest in “psychotronic” weapons intended to influence psychological and physiological processes at a distance. One of the proposed avenues to other minds has been electromagnetic radiation or “extremely low frequency” (ELF) waves. American interest in these matters was partly a response to Soviet activity.

With the collapse of the Soviet Union, it is an open question whether national security and science agencies will continue to probe all the possibilities presented by neuroscientific advances, including interventions that might be considered attempts at mind control.“

Moreno dismissed fifty years of an East/West scientific controversy. Rarely reported in mainstream press, this is a fascinating and well-documented Cold War story; that EMR nonthermal bioeffects are the likely basis for East/West mind control weapons projects. This section includes the key historical facts.

The basic controversy over nonthermal bioeffects of EMR was firmly established by the military's heavy dependence on EMR technologies for radars, electronic systems, antennas, etc. If nonthermal bioeffects were found to affect the health of military personnel, lawsuits and costly preventive measures would be required, therefore the standard for exposure to EMR was set above the nonthermal bioeffects level.

Dr. Robert O. Becker, a well-known EMR researcher explained the how the government suppressed nonthermal bioeffects EMR research in his 1990 book, Crosscurrents, The Perils of Electropollution.

In the chapter entitled, The Hidden Hand on the Switch: Military Uses of the Electromagnetic Spectrum, page 297, Becker explained:

The military organism was designed on the 10 mW standard and, once in place, it had to be defended against the possibility of nonthermal bioeffects. The recognition and validation of these effects would mean the collapse of the total organism and the death of C3I, (for command, control, communications, and intelligence)... evidence for nonthermal effects was viewed as a threat to national security.

Control over the scientific establishment was maintained by allocating research funds in such a way as to ensure that only 'approved' projects -- that is projects that would not challenge the thermal-effect standard -- would be undertaken.... In some instances, scientists were told that nonthermal effects did occur, but that national security objectives required that they be exceptionally well established before they became public knowledge.

All of these reports shared certain characteristics. Scientific data indicating nonthermal bioeffects were either ignored or subjected to extensive and destructive review.... while a statement such as 'There is no evidence for any effects of pulsed magnetic fields on humans' would have been literally true, it would have ignored the many reports of such effects on laboratory animals and the fact that no actual tests had been conducted on humans.

Scientists who persisted in publicly raising the issue of harmful effects from any portion of the electromagnetic spectrum were discredited, and their research grants were taken away. Deployment of powerful and exotic electromagnetic systems continues, with little, if any, consideration given to the potential impact of these systems on the health and safety of the public.

The 1984 BBC TV documentary, Opening Pandora's Box, explained further:

The safety standards for electromagnetic radiation, EMR, were set higher in the 1950s to allow the military to have unlimited use of EMR technology. At the time, American science reports suggesting EMR health effects of brain tumors, heart conditions, leukemia, cataracts and more, were ignored. The military was a major source of funding and reports were not followed up. The government safety levels for EMR were challenged in courts all around the world.

Microwave News, a journal on nonionizing radiation, for example, reported that radar men opposed microwave tower emir health dangers. Air traffic controllers and police officers filed complaints. These court cases revolved around the validity of the safety standard.

Dr. Milton Zaret, another Pandora scientist explained that most government committees who set the safety standards around the world were set up the in the same way as in the U.S. Members of the committee did not want to impede or put restraints on progress by tightening the safety standards for EMR.

Mikhail S. Gorbachev, the Soviet leader at the time, described EMR weapons as comparable to the atomic bomb in a 1986 BBC Summary of World broadcast:

Weapons based on new physical principles would include, amongst others, means in which physical principles which have not been used hitherto are used to strike at personnel, military equipment and objectives. Amongst weapons of this kind one might include beam, radio-wave, infrasonic, geophysical and genetic weapons. In their strike characteristics these types of weapons might be no less dangerous than mass strike weapons.

The Soviet Union considers it necessary to establish a ban on the development of arms of this kind. The Soviet Union has not carried out, nor does it intend to carry out either tests of such arms, or--even less so--the deployment of them. It will seek to ensure that all other countries do not do so either.

Russia and the East Block’s position was that the nonthermal effects of EMR could be used to develop new weapons of mass destruction. The Russian scientific literature going back to the 1930s supported a theory of nonthermal effects of EMR. In 1979, the UN Committee on Disarmament discussed Russian proposals to ban “new types of weapons of mass destruction” and included the following possible new weapons technologies.

V.L. Issraelyan, Representative of the USSR to the Committee on Disarmament. Negotiations on the Question of the Prohibition of New Types of Weapons of Mass Destruction and New Systems of Such Weapons (UN Committee on Disarmament Document CD/35, July 10, 1979):

4. Means using electromagnetic radiation to affect biological target
As a result of research into the effects of electromagnetic radiation on biological targets, the existence of harmful effects of radio-frequency radiations within a wide range of frequencies on such vitally important organs of the human as the heart, the brain and the central nervous system may now be regarded as a firmly established fact.

Assessments quoted in international literature of the potential danger of the development of a new weapon of mass destruction are based on the results of research into the so-called “non-thermal” effects of electromagnetic radiation on biological targets. These effects may take the form of damage to or disruption of the functioning of the internal organs and systems of the human organism or of changes in its functioning.

In sharp contrast to the Russian position on the nonthermal effects of EMR, the U.S. military, industry, and government scientists endorsed the U.S. safety standards for EMR exposure, established in the 1950s by Herman Schwan, a Nazi Paperclip scientist. The US operated Project Paperclip between 1945 and 1955 in an attempt to exploit the expertise of German scientists after WW II, and 765 scientists were employed by the US government, including Schwan.

Schwan’s position, that nonthermal effects of EMR have not been proven, is still largely adhered to today. Schwan worked at the University of Pennsylvania on numerous government contracts and received Navy and National Institute of Health (NIH) funding throughout his entire career.

As stated above, the U.S. policy for EMR health exposure limits is based on the theory that EMR has no provable health or bioeffects, only the effects from heating. In any discussion about the science of EMR weapons, it is critical to understand that the thermal effects of EMR are limited to those biological effects caused only by heating, as in warming food in a microwave oven. Nonthermal or athermal effects of EMR are any biological effect not caused by heating. As will be seen, the thermal/nonthermal distinction sounds simple but this is the fundamental basis of a fifty year, international, scientific controversy.

On page 75-6, Moreno barely mentioned the EMR weapons controversy and emphasized a lack of reliable information on Russian mind control weapons:

Although psychotronic warfare has been seized upon by those who believe a security agency is controlling or disrupting their brain, it's goal as information warfare would be to attack communication systems, thus causing a catastrophic infrastructure failure. Jamming transmissions by Saddam's radar installations in the run-up to the Iraq war was an elementary example of such tactics.

Similar principles might be applied to the mental energy of the war fighters themselves, perhaps by "pulse-wave weapons," which would disrupt motor signals from the central cortex. Once again, though, reports about Russian possession of such weapons are highly disputed, let alone the technical capabilities the weapons might have.

Contrary to Moreno’s findings of a lack of available information and little threat from Russian mind control weapons, there is another set of available facts. It is difficult to understand why Moreno does not consider the significant Cold War history that is surrounded in heavy secrecy, denials and disinformation. The EMR weapons are based on sound although general, scientific theories that have never been disproven, while new developments are continuously classified.

Moreno does not acknowledge the obvious U.S. and Russian government's national security bully pulpit for what it is. For example, the official U.S. government statements are that EMR mind control weapons don’t work and are science fiction, while at the same time the government is heavily funding and classifying EMR mind control weapons research.

Intelligence agencies have been involved with EMR mind control and bioeffects on the brain for decades but this information is hard for the general public to find. The U.S. was investigating possible Russian EMR weapons. Dr. Robert O. Becker was a consultant to the CIA, investigating possible nonthermal EMR effects on fighter pilots shot down by the Soviets, as reported in a 1984 BBC TV documentary, Opening Pandora’s Box.

Becker is an expert on EMR bioeffects. As reported in the London Guardian Newspaper, February 2, 1991, War in the Desert by Simon North, Becker has twice been nominated for a Nobel prize for his work in bio-electromagnetism and had been the recipient of a prestigious US award for his medical research.

Becker's Cold War research on the nonthermal bioeffects of EMR has not been disproven. In addition, post Cold War EMR weapons and neuroscience research, and government reports are building on and reporting on the funding of research very similar to Becker’s thirty year old nonthermal EMR bioeffects research.

As reported in a 1984 BBC TV documentary, Opening Pandora’s Box, Becker was asked by the CIA in the early 60s to determine whether pilots being shot down and captured by Soviets “had personality changes induced in them by exposure to EMR which they were not aware of.” The pilots were interned by the Soviets for two to six weeks. They were psychologically tested before they went on a flight, and again, after they were released by the Soviets.

The psychological test results revealed “considerable personality alterations” after Soviet internment. During debriefing sessions, pilots reported they were treated well, and were not aware of any EMR exposure by Soviets. Becker's answer to the question whether EMR exposure could cause personality changes, was:

“I told them [the CIA] I thought it was a distinct possibility, but that no one could give them that answer, for sure, at this present time, at that time.”

Dr. Ross Adey, a world-renowned EMR expert has testified before the US Congress on government suppression and control of research into nonthermal effects of EMR.

A 1988 AP article stated:

Since the early 1980s, however, federal government support for non-ionizing radiation bioeffects research has declined markedly. W. Ross Adey, a leading researcher based at the Veteran’s Administration Medical Center in Loma Linda, Calif., told a House subcommittee last Oct. 6 that current levels of government funding-now about $7 million a year-are disastrously low.

“There is reason to believe that this situation has arisen in part through a well-organized activity on the part of major corporate entities from the consumer and military electronic industries to discredit all research into athermal biological and biomedical effects,” Adey said.

In the early 1980s, Becker provided an explanation for the opposing US/Russian scientific views on nonthermal effects of EMR. In the BBC documentary, Opening Pandora’s Box, Becker declared:

The US may very well not have any [secret EMR weapons] program whatsoever. On the other hand, it is equally valid to have such a program being conducted in even greater secrecy than the Manhattan Project was conducted. And the best cover story I could think of for that would be for the U.S. to portray itself to the rest of the world, as a nation that was discarding the possibility of EMR weapons, entirely, based upon its best scientific evidence.

Becker proved to be correct. On the November 1985 CNN news broadcast, Special Assignment Is there an RF Gap Weapons of War by Chuck DeCaro, Becker stated; "The government has never disproved the psychological effects of electromagnetic radiation."

Starting with the 1950s through the 1990s, the “best" US scientific evidence,

” was that there were no proven nonthermal EMR effects and therefore no possibility of a classified U.S. EMR weapons program. Most U.S. scientists still adhere to this official position. For example, Garwin, who authored the 1999 and 2004 CFR nonlethal weapons reports, as cited above, stated:

"... In my analyses of the effect of radiowaves on people, I have never found any significant effect other than heating of the tissues.... So I don't think there is much in the threat of electromagnetic signals to control or disorient people by the effect on the human brain.”

With the breakup of the Soviet Union, the Pentagon publicly unveiled the nonlethal weapons program including weapons based on nonthermal EMR effects and the U.S. policy that there are “no proven nonthermal EMR effects” took a 180 degree turn.

The July 7, 1997 US News and World Report, Wonder Weapons article confirmed:

For hundreds of years, sci-fi writers have imagined weapons that might use energy waves or pulses to know out, knock down, or otherwise disable enemies-without necessarily killing them. And for a good 40 years the U.S. military has quietly been pursuing weapons of this sort. Much of this work is still secret, and it has yet to produce a usable 'nonlethal' weapon.... Scores of new contracts have been let, and scientists, aided by government research on the 'bioeffects' of beamed energy, are searching the electromagnetic and sonic spectrums for wavelengths that can affect human behavior... .

That EMR can cause nonthermal biological effects is now a proven scientific theory, although still controversial. At a 1990 General Assembly of the International Union of Radio Science held in Prague, Ross Adey, the world-renowned EMR expert concluded,

“It is no longer a matter of speculation that biomolecular systems are responsive to low level, low frequency electromagnetic fields. Not only is tissue heating not the basis of these interactions, but the many instances of responses windowed with respect to field, frequency and intensity set a rubric for their consideration in physical mechanisms involving long range ordering at the atomic level.”

In the 1970s, while at the Brain Research Institute at the University of California, Los Angeles, Adey worked with the Department of Defense on Project Pandora, the super-secret program that sought a way to use electromagnetic radiation for mind control. This was reported in the May 2004 Microwave News News and Comment obituary for W. Ross Adey.

In addition, the 2002 report by the Naval Studies Board of the National Research Council (NRC) under the National Academy of Sciences entitled, An Assessment of Non-Lethal Weapons Science and Technology, hypothesized:

Leap-ahead non-lethal weapons technologies will probably be based on more subtle human/RF interactions in which the signal information within the RF exposure causes an effect other than simply heating: for example, stun, seizure, startle, and decreased spontaneous activity. Recent developments in the technology are leading to ultrawideband, very high peak power, and ultrashort signal capabilities, suggesting that the phase space to be explored for subtle, yet potentially effective non-thermal biophysical susceptibilities is vast.

The U.S. government continues to use the cover story, ’no proven EMR bioeffects except heating’ while heavily funding classified and unclassified EMR bioeffects weapons research. As cited above, the former USSR has advocated banning EMR weapons since the 1970s. To summarize, the US has heavily classified nonlethal weapons since the 1960s and has denied the existence of weapons effects of EMR up to the 1990s.

On CNN News, the Pentagon said, “Radiofrequency weapons are too sensitive to discuss,” and has maintained this position throughout the 1980s. In the 1990s, however, the military admitted to funding and looking for EMR weapons based on nonthermal bioeffects.

Russian classified mind control programs were revealed only as a result of the monumental event of the breakup of the Soviet Union. The 1993 Defense News article, US Explores Russian Mind-Control Technology, described some of Russia’s EMR weapons:

Known as acoustic psycho-correction, the capability to control minds and alter behavior of civilians and soldiers may soon be shared with US military, medical and political officials, according to US and Russian sources.... Pioneered by the government-funded Department of Psycho-Correction at the Moscow Medical Academy, acoustic psycho-correction involves the transmission of specific commands via static or white noise bands into the human subconscious without upsetting other intellectual functions.

Russian top secret and extensive mind control weapons programs were in chaos. The 1993 Defense News article stated that U.S. and Russian sources were planning,

“discussions aimed at creating a framework for bringing the issue under bilateral or multilateral controls.... Therefore, the Russian authors have proposed a bilateral Center for Psycho-technologies where US and Russian authorities could monitor and restrict the emerging capabilities.”

In addition, a 1993 Defense Electronics article discussed concerns of the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA); mind control weapons,

“may still be in the Russian military inventory, and... the technology could be exported to Third World nations via the growing black market in military equipment from the former Soviet Union... .”

The United States emerged as the single world super power and the use of EMR weapons is most likely controlled by classified international agreements.

Since treaties can be classified, the public is kept in the dark about new developing weapons. The 1981 book, Born Secret The H-Bomb, the Progressive Case and National Security, by A. DeVolpi et al, page 138-9 explained:

... foreign policy and related activities allow a wide expanse for classification, including the subject matter of treaties to which the United States might become bound.... The pervasiveness of secrecy in foreign affairs is amazing. A taxonomy by Frank and Weisband of principal foreign affairs secrets contains the following categories:... treaties, agreements;... secret diplomatic negotiations;... executive process (... expert advisory briefs, reports from diplomats);... tariff or import agreements;...

This much is known, as reported in the 1993 Defense News article. Janet Morris, a key U.S. liaison between Russian and U.S. officials stated that,

"the [mind control] capability has been demonstrated in the laboratory in Russia and should be placed under international restrictions at the earliest possible [time]."

In the late 1990s, however, Morris claimed that Russian mind control technology "didn't work."

This is the official U.S. government position/cover story today, along with the official statements of 'there are no proven bioeffects of EMR and no government mind control programs' and 'it's science fiction' or 'it's classified'.

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