by Richard Sauder, Ph.D.
From the book "Underground Bases and
Tunnels"
from
ThinkAboutIt Website
The nuclear subterrene (rhymes with submarine) was designed at the
Los Alamos National Laboratory, in New Mexico. A number of patents
were filed by scientists at Los Alamos, a few federal technical
documents were written -- and then the whole thing just sort of
faded away.
Or did it?
Nuclear subterrenes work by melting their way through the rock and
soil, actually vitrifying it as they go, and leaving a neat, solidly
glass-lined tunnel behind them.
The heat is supplied by a compact nuclear reactor that circulates
liquid lithium from the reactor core to the tunnel face, where it
melts the rock. In the process of melting the rock the lithium loses
some of its heat. It is then circulated back along the exterior of
the tunneling machine to help cool the vitrified rock as the
tunneling machine forces its way forward. The cooled lithium then
circulates back to the reactor where the whole cycle starts over. In
this way the nuclear subterrene slices through the rock like a
nuclear powered, 2,000 degree Fahrenheit (1,093 Celcius) earthworm,
boring its way deep underground.
The United States Atomic Energy Commission and the United States
Energy Research and Development Administration took out Patents in
the 1970s for nuclear subterrenes. The first patent, in 1972 went to
the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission.
The nuclear subterrene has an advantage over mechanical TBMs in that
it produces no muck that must be disposed of by conveyors, trains,
trucks, etc. This greatly simplifies tunneling. If nuclear subterrenes actually exist (and I do not know if they do) their
presence, and the tunnels they make, could be very hard to detect,
for the simple reason that there would not be the tell-tale muck
piles or tailings dumps that are associated with the conventional
tunneling activities.
The 1972 patent makes this clear. It states:
"... (D)ebris may be disposed of as
melted rock both as a lining for the hole and as a dispersal in
cracks produced in the surrounding rock. The rock-melting drill
is of a shape and is propelled under sufficient pressure to
produce and extend cracks in solid rock radially around the bore
by means of hydrostatic pressure developed in the molten rock
ahead of the advancing rock drill penetrator. All melt not used
in glass-lining the bore is forced into the cracks where it
freezes and remains ...
"... Such a (vitreous) lining eliminates, in most cases, the
expensive and cumbersome problem of debris elimination and at
the same time achieves the advantage of a casing type of bore
hole liner."
(U.S. Patent No. 3,693,731 dated Sept. 26, 1972)
There you have it: a tunneling machine
that creates no muck, and leaves a smooth, vitreous (glassy) tunnel
lining behind.
Another patent three years later was for:
A tunneling machine for producing
large tunnels in soft rock or wet, clayey, unconsolidated or
bouldery earth by simultaneously detaching the tunnel core by
thermal melting a boundary kerf into the tunnel face and forming
a supporting excavation wall liner by deflecting the molten
materials against the excavation walls to provide, when
solidified, a continuous wall supporting liner, and detaching
the tunnel face circumscribed by the kerf with powered
mechanical earth detachment means and in which the heat required
for melting the kerf and liner material is provided by a compact
nuclear reactor.
This 1975 patent further specifies that
the machine is intended to excavate tunnels up to 12 meters in
diameter or more. This means tunnels of 40 ft. or more in diameter.
The kerf is the outside boundary of the tunnel wall that a boring
machine gouges out as it bores through the ground or rock. So, in
ordinary English, this machine will melt a circular boundary into
the tunnel face. The melted rock will be forced to the outside of
the tunnel by the tunnel machine, where it will form a hard, glassy
tunnel lining (see the appropriate detail in the patent itself, as
shown in Illustration 41). At the same time, mechanical tunnel
boring equipment will grind up the rock and soil detached by the
melted kerf and pass it to the rear of the machine for disposal by
conveyor, slurry pipeline, etc.
And yet a third patent was issued to the United States Energy
Research and Development Administration just 21 days later, on 27
May 1975 for a machine remarkably similar to the machine patented on
6 May 1975. The abstract describes:
A tunneling machine for producing
large tunnels in rock by progressive detachment of the tunnel
core by thermal melting a boundary kerf into the tunnel face and
simultaneously forming an initial tunnel wall support by
deflecting the molten materials against the tunnel walls to
provide, when solidified, a continuous liner; and fragmenting
the tunnel core circumscribed by the kerf by thermal stress
fracturing and in which the heat required for such operations is
supplied by a compact nuclear reactor.
This machine would also be capable of
making a glass-lined tunnel of 40 ft. in diameter or more.
Perhaps some of my readers have heard the same rumors that I have
heard swirling in the UFO literature and on the UFO grapevine:
stories of deep, secret, glass-walled tunnels excavated by laser
powered tunneling machines. I do not know if these stories are true.
If they are, however, it may be that the glass-walled tunnels are
made by the nuclear subterrenes described in these patents. The
careful reader will note that all of these patents were obtained by
agencies of the United States government. Further, all but one of
the inventors are from Los Alamos, New Mexico. Of course, Los Alamos
National Lab is itself the subject of considerable rumors about
underground tunnels and chambers, Little Greys or "EBEs", and
various other covert goings-on.
(It may also be that the some of the tunnels are made by these
machines, while other subterranean tunnel systems were made by other
civilizations, both ancient and modern. --SW)
A 1973 Los Alamos study entitled "Systems and Cost Analysis for a
Nuclear Subterrene Tunneling Machine: A Preliminary Study",
concluded that nuclear subterrene tunneling machines (NSTMs) would
be very cost effective, compared to conventional TBMs.
It stated:
Tunneling costs for NSTMs are very
close to those for TBMs, if operating conditions for TBMs are
favorable. However, for variable formations and unfavorable
conditions such as soft, wet, bouldery ground or very hard rock,
the NSTMs are far more effective. Estimates of cost and
percentage use of NSTMs to satisfy U.S. transportation tunnel
demands indicate a potential cost savings of 850 million dollars
(1969 dollars) throughout 1990. An estimated NSTM prototype
demonstration cost of $100 million over an eight-year period
results in a favorable benefit-to-cost ratio of 8.5.
...Was the 1973 feasibility study only
idle speculation, and is the astonishingly similar patent two years
later only a wild coincidence? As many a frustrated inventor will
tell you, the U.S. Patent Office only issues the paperwork when it's
satisfied that the thing in question actually works!
In 1975 the National Science Foundation commissioned another cost
analysis of the nuclear subterrene. The A.A. Mathews Construction
and Engineering Company of Rockville, Maryland produced a
comprehensive report with two, separate, lengthy appendices, one 235
and the other 328 pages.
A.A. Mathews calculated costs for constructing three different sized
tunnels in the Southern California area in 1974. The three tunnel
diameters were:
a) 3.05 meters (10 ft.)
b) 4.73 meters (15.5 ft.)
c) 6.25 meters (20.5 ft.)
Comparing the cost of using NSTMs to
the cost of mechanical TBMs, A.A. Mathews determined:
Savings of 12 percent for the 4.73
meter (15.5 ft.) tunnel and 6 percent for the 6.25 meter (20.5
foot) tunnel were found to be possible using the NSTM as
compared to current methods. A penalty of 30 percent was found
for the 3.05 meter (10 foot) tunnel using the NSTM. The cost
advantage for the NSTM results from the combination of,
(a) a
capital rather than labor intensive system, (Reducing the number
of personnel required is especially important in black budget
projects for security reasons. --SW)
(b) formation of both
initial support and final lining in conjunction with the
excavation process. (Leaving a glass-like lining, which could be
'air-tight', allowing the use of high-speed, superconducting mag-lev trains operated in a virtual vacuum in a tunnel deep
underground. --SW)
This report has a number of interesting
features. It is noteworthy in the first place that the government
commissioned such a lengthy and detailed analysis of the cost of
operating a nuclear subterrenes. Just as intriguing is the fact that
the study found that the tunnels in the 15 ft. to 20 ft. diameter
range can be more economically excavated by NSTMs than by
conventional TBMs.
Finally, the southern California location that was chosen for
tunneling cost analysis is thought provoking. This is precisely one
of the regions of the West where there is rumored to be a secret
tunnel system. Did the A.A. Mathews study represent part of the
planning for an actual covert tunneling project that was
subsequently carried out, when it was determined that it was more
cost effective to use NSTMs than mechanical TBMs?
Whether or not nuclear subterrene tunneling machines have been used,
or are being used, for subterranean tunneling is a question I cannot
presently answer.
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