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from PropagandaMatrix Website
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1891 |
The Society of the Elect and the Association of Helpers - (also known as the "Secret Society,"), was created by Cecil Rhodes, Alfred Milner, William T. Stead, Reginald Baliol Brett, and Lord Esher, in London. Rhodes died in 1902, leaving the society, and his fortune, under the control of Milner, who established the Rhodes Scholar program. |
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1910 |
The Round Table - a periodical, first published by Milner's "Secret Society" for Britain's intellectual community. The writers, and those associated with the publication became known as the Round Table Group, and later, the Chatham House crowd. |
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1912 |
Edward Mandell House - published Philip Dru: Administrator,a novel describing how the world could best be governed by a benevolent administrator. House traveled in Europe in 1909, and met Woodrow Wilson November 25, 1911. Chronology: Met Sir Edward Grey (member of Milner's group) in 1913. |
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1913 |
Woodrow Wilson, U.S. President - Edward Mandell House served as Wilson's campaign manager, and then as chief advisor. Franklin D. Roosevelt appointed Assistant Secretary of the Navy. |
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1914 |
World War I Begins - Wilson campaigned against U.S. entry into the war, then entered the war in 1917, one year before it ended. |
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1918 |
Wilson's 14 Points - presented to a joint
session of Congress on January 8. The document was developed by Colonel Mandell House and advisors known as the "Inquiry."
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1919 |
Paris Peace Conference - House is Wilson's chief deputy at the conference where he expanded his association with
leaders of the Milner group.
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1920 |
League of Nations rejected by U.S. Senate - despite
herculean efforts on both sides of the Atlantic.
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1921 |
Council on Foreign Relations - organized as U.S. counterpart to Royal Institute of International Affairs. John W. Davis, attorney to J.P. Morgan, was first president. Paul Warberg and J.D. Rockefeller were among initial funders. Began publishing Foreign Affairs in 1922. Described by Senator Barry Goldwater in 1979. |
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1925 |
Mein Kampf - published by Adolf Hitler. |
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1929 |
Stock Market Crash - Sets the stage for world wide depression, international response, and another war. |
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1930 |
Bank of International Settlements - created in Basel, Switzerland. J.P. Morgan & Company, and others involved with the creation of the Federal Reserve, were among the founders. |
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1932 |
Franklin D. Roosevelt - begins his presidency amid the great depression. "The New Deal" was formulated by leftist, Henry A. Wallace, Secretary of Agriculture, and Secretary of State, Cordell Hulll, who, as a Senator, supported Wilson's League of Nations. Hull began drafting a United Nations Charter two weeks after Pearl Harbor. |
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1933 |
The Wilderness Society - founded by Bob Marshall, a socialist. | |
1936 |
National Wildlife Federation - founded. | |
1938 |
World marches toward war - A chronology of events leading to World War II, the event which gave rise to the United Nations. | |
1941 |
FDR delivers "Four Freedoms"
speech - (January 6), and the Atlantic
Conference (August 14), embody the idea of disarming sovereign nations under
international authority. | |
1942 |
Declaration by "United Nations" - first official use of the name "United Nations," suggested by Roosevelt. Chronnology of related events. | |
1943 |
Moscow
Conference - Articles 5 - 7 refer to "United
Nations" and post-war permanent organization. | |
1944 |
Bretton
Woods Agreements - created the
World Bank
, and the
International
Monetary Fund .
Henry Morganthau delivered the
closing
address. (Background and conference
details.) | |
1945 |
Yalta
Conference - (February) reached agreement on U.N. draft
recommendations and set the date for U.N. conference.
Germany
surrenders (May 7). | |
1946 |
U.S.
joins UNESCO - Julian
Huxley, president of the Eugenics
Society, and author of "The New
Divinity", first Director. Socialist
Joseph Needham, appointed Director of Natural Science. | |
1947 |
World Federalist Association - founded in Asheville, North Carolina | |
1948 |
IUCN
Created - by Julian Huxley, in Geneva.
Headquarters in Gland,
Switzerland The U.S.
Government, and several agencies are members. | |
1949 |
UNESCO Publication 356 - "Toward World Understanding." | |
1951 |
The Nature Conservancy - organized. | |
1959 |
United Nations Development Program - evolved to maturity. | |
1960 |
Temple of Understanding - organized in New York. Dr. Robert Muller on Advisory Board. | |
1961 |
Freedom From
War - State Department Publication 7277, setting
forth U.S. disarmament policy in favor of
U.N. peacekeeping. | |
1964 |
Wilderness Act
of 1964 - and how it
came to be. | |
1968 |
ECOSOC
Resolution 1296 - directed by Dr. Robert Muller, establishes "Consultative Status"
for NGOs (non-government organizations).
Lucis Trust among first NGOs
accredited. | |
1970 |
First Earth
Day - founder,
Gaylord Nelson. Another view of Earth Day. | |
1971 |
RAMSAR Treaty on Wetlands - signed in Ramsar, Iran. IUCN driving force behind RAMSAR. | |
1972 |
Clean Water
Act - passed by Congress. Wetland definition expanded by lawsuit
brought by National Wildlife Federation, resulting in "Tulloch" decision
in 1993. Tulloch overturned in
1997. | |
1973 |
CITES
Signed - (March 3 - Convention on International
Trade in Endangered Species).
IUCN and WWF driving force behind CITES.
Endangered Species
Act - became U.S. law. | |
1975 |
Belgrade Charter - Global Framework for Environmental Education. Promoted by NAAEE | |
1976 |
HABITAT
I - adopts U.N. policy on land. William K. Reilly
and Carla Hills signed for U.S. | |
1978 |
Global Taxation - first proposed by James Tobin. Current status. | |
1979 |
U.S. MAB
- (Man and the Biosphere Program) launched by
agency agreement with UNESCO. | |
1980 |
World
Conservation Strategy - published jointly by
UNEP, IUCN, and WWF. | |
1982 |
Palme Commission - (Independent Commission on Disarmament and Security
Issues). Report: Common Security: A Blueprint For Survival
linked security to development. Chaired by Olof
Palme. | |
1985 |
U.N. Convention on Ozone Depleting Substances - adopted in Vienna, Austria. | |
1987 |
Montreal
Protocol - converts voluntary Ozone Treaty into
international law. | |
1988 |
Global
Forum on Human Survival - held in Oxford,
England. Co-sponsored by the
Temple of Understanding and the
U.N. Committee on Parliamentarians and Population, chaired by
James
Parks Morton.
James
Lovelock was the featured speaker. | |
1989 |
Berlin Wall
falls - (November 9), USSR
begins to disintegrate. | |
1990 |
Global
Forum on Human Survival - held in Moscow, hosted
by
Mikhail
Gorbachev, and Javier Perez de Cuellar, chaired by James Parks
Morton. | |
1991 |
Caring
for the Earth - published jointly by UNEP,
IUCN, and WWF. | |
1992 |
Commission on Global
Governance - established. Willy Brandt, with the
blessings of
Boutros Boutros-Ghali, appointed
Ingvar Carlsson and
Shridath Ramphal (IUCN president) as co-chairs. | |
1993 |
President's Council on
Sustainable Development - created by Executive
Order No. 12852 to implement Agenda 21 in America, co-chaired by WRI president, Jonathan Lash. | |
1994 |
World Trade Organization - formed at Uruguay round of GATT negotiations. | |
1995 |
World Summit on
Social Development - in Copenhagen. | |
1996 |
U.N. Conference on
Human Settlements (HABITAT II) - Istanbul. Community
Sustainability , U.S. HUD's report to the
conference.
Istanbul
Declaration on Human Settlements. | |
1997 |
Al Gore's report
- to the U.N. at Rio +5. A broader view of Agenda 21 implementation. | |
1998 |
International Criminal
Court - created in Rome.
On-site
reports from Rome. | |
1999 |
Charter for Global
Democracy - consolidates recommendations of
Commission on Global Governance into 12 principles. | |
2000 |
Earth
Charter - final draft. NGO Millennium Forum - New York, precursor to "The People's Assembly." UNDPI/NGO Forum - August 28 - 30, New York (to strengthen "Civil Society" in UN operations) Millennium Peace Summit of Religious and Spiritual Leaders - August 28 - 31, New York State of the World Forum - September 4 - 10, New York Millennium Assembly - September 5 - 8, New York Millennium Summit - September 6 -8, New York | |
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